ACADEMIC WRITING 2006

Banning of Muslim Head Covering

2006-06-04T12:15:00.000+07:00

For many people the Jilbab or Muslim head covering symbolizes the repressive and extremely regressive character of Islam. For its supporters, it represents a defence of women’s modesty against the assault of modern society. The controversy arise around France’s plan to ban the jilbab (along with other visible religious symbols) in schools. France’s secular constitution provides the grounds for excluding religion from their schools. However, not just western countries have taken this approach. Turkey has for many years suppressed the jilbab in schools, public buildings, and among employees of the state. Part of the controversy surrounding France’s plans has come from its timing. After 9/11, many minority Muslim communities in western countries view attacks on the jilbab as part of a wider attack on Islam conducted in tandem with the ‘War on Terror’. Therefore, the issue wound up in perceptions of jilbab as the practicalities of the dress itself.

Many societies are founded on secular values that do not permit the sponsorship of any religion by the state. In this climate it is important that all citizens of the state are seen as equal. If some dress differently to others, deliberately identifying themselves as members of one religion, this can harm the unity and ethos of the state. This holds particularly true for institutions of the state like schools and government offices. Practically, for security and safety, using some forms of head cover can make it very hard too identify individuals. In the current security climate, this poses a problem for many potential terrorist targets like banks, government offices etc. Faces are hard to check against ID photos and CCTV systems are rendered ineffective.
The jilbab itself causes some social problems. When some women wear the jilbab it creates pressure on other Muslim women to also cover their heads. Pressure comes both socially from wanting to look like other women in their community and religiously from imams and family leaders pressing for observance. Furthermore, the jilbab is a very powerful symbol for the domination of men, particularly in countries such as Saudi Arabia or Afghanistan where it is compulsory. As we seen, Muslim dress rules for women are seen as more severe than those for men. Inequality between men and women is a form of discrimination and liberal societies should fight all forms of discrimination.

For children, using jilbab causes many social problems in their school. It is potentially marking some children out as different from the others. This may lead to separation and discrimination. Full headscarves may also be impractical or dangerous in some lessons, for example swimming or in technology and science lessons where machinery is being operated.
In the other side, right to freedom of religion is enshrined in the UN charter and considered by many to be a basic human right. Some religions require special diets, others prayer at specific times. Why shouldn’t a religious mode of dress receive as much protection as these other aspects of religious freedom? Due to security and safety problems, many other things, like motorbike helmets, baseball caps and beards can also make identification difficult. Almost all Muslim women would be happy to remove their head coverings for female security officers in a private side room. All these difficulties can be overcome relatively easily if a little consideration is shown.

From the social side, Muslim women are not the only ones which make pressure to their surround over their mode of dress. Most people are affected by the societal norms surrounding them. Fashion trends could be seen in exactly the same light as religious traditions. Due to the gender discrimination judgement, many Muslim women view the jilbab as a means to protect their modesty and privacy. Just as we would not force any women to be seen in public in her underwear if she did not feel comfortable doing so, why should a woman be forced to show her hair if she does not want to? Modesty is a personal judgement call, some are comfortable in the smallest bikini while others prefer a lot more clothing. No one but the woman herself should make that decision.

In school case, intolerant schools make up problems as an excuse for not allowing Muslims freedom of religious expression. In a multicultural society, students should be aware of the different religious practices and cultural traditions of their classmates. They should be taught to understand and respect these diversity. Without such respect, Muslims and other groups with distinctive dress, such as Orthodox Jews and Sikhs, will be driven out of mainstream education and forced to educate their children separately, which will really create separation and discrimination. As for the so-called safety issues, most classroom accidents occur when loose, long hair gets caught in machinery or in a flame - not a problem when hair is held in place under a headscarf!

In conclusion, banning head coverings is only likely to provoke a more extreme reaction among highly religious communities. Framing laws to ban only Islamic forms of dress could be considered an attack on one religion. Feeling under attack could cause the Islamic community to close off into itself. They could set up religious schools where their children can dress as they want them to and not mix with children from other faiths. These effects could never be good for the integration of society and would further the influence of extremists. Internationally, the perceived attack on Islamic values would inflame wider Muslim opinion, feed conspiracy theories and add to the dangerous feeling that there is a clash of civilizations.

within nuclear energy

2006-06-02T22:20:00.000+07:00

Within the Nuclear Energy

Due to the raise of the need of new energy sources, the researchers and scientists are still continue to observe any possible matter that can be an alternative energy source. It is very crucial and urgent to be done to prevent the energy crisis which has been predicted long time ago that would happen when the world run out of fossil energy. One of the alternative sources of energy is the nuclear energy that is being researched on by the scientists. It is able to provide an enormous amount of energy which has been estimated can suffice the world’s need of energy. This essay will try to give an analysis why this promising alternative energy source has not yet to be approved by all parties to substitute the previous energy sources and before we get to know the reason, there are things that we need to discuss.

First, what is the meaning of nuclear energy? Where is it comes from? Nuclear energy is a result from neutron chain reaction. The neutron chain reaction itself is a process to hit a nuclear fuel (e.g. Uranium-235, Plutonium-239) with neutron. For example, when a neutron hits the uranium and splits, it will release a great amount of energy as heat and radiation. More neutrons are also released. These neutrons trigger another crash and hit more uranium. The process repeats itself over and over again creating a chain reaction.

The released-energy is the biggest in amount among the other sources, like in the following chart.

Brown coal	9.7 MJ/kg
Firewood	16 MJ/kg
Black coal	24-30 MJ/kg
Natural Gas	39 MJ/m³
Crude Oil	45-46 MJ/kg
Uranium - in light water reactor	500,000 MJ/kg

Secondly, how to make use this energy? The energy released from the chain reaction can be transformed into electricity in a nuclear power plant. That energy heats the coolant (A liquid that absorbs the energy that has been produced by nuclear fission) causes it to circulate hence being able to drive a turbine which generates the electricity. From that enormous energy definitely provide enough electricity. For example, in United States, the nuclear power plant accounts for about 20 percent of the total electricity and there were 66 nuclear power plants (composed of 104 licensed nuclear reactors).

Thirdly, what are the advantages of using this alternative source? The uranium (nuclear energy) is more economical than other sources though the thermal efficiency used is the same, 33 %. The reason is because the difference in heat value, as it is described in the previous chart. For example, one million kilowatt (1,000 MW) power station consumes about 2.3 million tons of black coal each year, or about 25 tons of uranium (UO₂). It makes the cost of fuel for a nuclear power station is very much less than for same amount of coal, usually sufficient to cover the much of higher capital cost of constructing a nuclear reactor.

Judging from all the information above, isn’t that shows how promising the nuclear energy is? It is true. Then, why it has not yet to be approved to substitute other sources of energy that would no longer available? It is the waste. 25 tons of uranium taken each year from a 1000 W nuclear reactor is highly radioactive and gives off a great deal of heat. That much is reprocessed so that 97% of this is recycled. The remaining 3%, about 700 kg, is high-level radioactive waste which is potentially hazardous and needs to be isolated from the environment for a very long time. However, the small quantity makes the task readily manageable. Even where the spent fuel is not reprocessed, the yearly amount of 25 tons is modest compared with the quantities of waste from a similar sized coal-fired power station. But not only is that, dealing with nuclear energy surely a matter that has to be carefully taken care. Many events occurred has proven this as the example. Like one that happened in Kobe (1995) and Taiwan (1999), an earthquake made the reactor damage, as it is happened in Indonesia (2004). The tsunami made the cooling water level abnormal and automatically shut down the reactor. A far more serious accident occurred at Chernobyl, in what was then still the Soviet Union. At the time of the accident--April 26, 1986--the Chernobyl nuclear power station consisted of four operating 1,000-megawatt power reactors sited along the banks of the Pripyat River, about sixty miles north of Kiev in the Ukraine, the fertile grain-producing region of the southwestern USSR. A fifth reactor was under construction. One of four reactors lost its coolant and run progressively faster hence the temperature became higher and hotter. The result was a huge explosion which also affected other reactors. Not only had the heat become a serious problem at the time, but also the radioactive poison. Even now, we are still able to see the victim of that accident because the effects of the radioactivity remain for a very long time.

In conclusion, it explains why the nuclear energy has not yet to be approved due to the danger beneath its great advantages to provide energy. But still, the researches are still being conducted on this to find safer way to handle this alternative energy sources and its waste. So, temporarily, we can say that nuclear energy is not the best answer for the energy crisis. But who knows later.

Depression Is Growing A Nightmare

2006-05-28T21:10:00.000+07:00

Outline

I. Introduction
A. Definition of depression
B. The comparison of depression and the other kind of similar mental illness (anxietas,insomnia,etc)
C. Depression is a serious mental illness
D. This essay will describe about symptoms , the cause and effect of depression in a person life (thesis statement)

II. Body Paragraph I (1st : Depression as a mental illness and the symptoms )
Topic sentence: Depression is one kind of mental illness
A. Depression is a dangerous mental illness
1. Example : WHO’s health model
B. The symptoms of depression : physcology, physic, social.

III. Body Paragraph II (2nd: The cause )
Topic sentence: Depression can be caused by many kind of problems
A. Sadness or traumatic experience in a person life as a major trigger of depression
1. Example : May Tragedy
B. Illness, medicine, drugs, and social problem also have the possibility to create a depression problem
1. Example : Tension in Japan worker’s job

IV. Body Paragraph III (3rd : The effect)
Topic sentence :
A. Depression trigerring a physical problem and another mental illness (the sick organization)
1. Example : Cancer, asma, backache, etc
B. The Physcological effect
1. Example : Suicide level in Japan
C. Depression as a trigger to another mental illness (The sick organization)
1. Example : Mirah’s vicarious trauma (May Tragedy)

V. Body Paragraph IV (4th: Conclusion)
Topic sentence: Depression should be handle as soon as possible
A. Depression must be handle as soon as possible
1. Example : Professional worker
B. Find the expert

Depression Is Growing A Nightmare

Almost all of every person certainly ever feel something so-called ‘depression’. Depression is not a weakness or a negligent, instead, depression can be define as a medical problem which need medication. Depression has a similarity with the other mental illnesses, such as ‘anxietas’, insomnia’, these mental illnesses give damage to physcology of the patient and became a nuisance in the patient physic, moods, social communication, etc. However, little was known by most people that depression actually can be a very serious mental illness. Depression have a multilevel effect to the patient of the illness, harmless one to a very serious result. The symptoms between each level in this mental illness is not clearly defined, so that we cannot know at what level a person is when he/she is having this depression problem. The other significant about the sympytoms is that depression can actually be a trigger to the other mental illnesses, such as insomnia. Those make depression is extremely dangerous to the patient health and social life.This essay will describe about symptoms , the cause and effect of depression in a person’s life.

Depression is one kind of mental illness, and can be grouped as the serious mental problem. In a health model which made until year 2020 by World Health Organization ( WHO), depression has been predicted as the runner up killing disease after the heart attack. WHO at least predict that stress and depression will go into the top 10 disease which causing death or decreasing the people health quality.The depression symptoms can be easily analyzed through the changes that happen to the person’s mood, pyhscology, and physical appereance. The mood of the person ussually will have a big change, such as : deep sadness, losing the his interest, desperation, etc. From the physcological side, the person will feel guilty most of the time, unable to concentrate, often to cry, etc. While from the physical appereance, the person will looked so slow, exhausted, insomnia, and having a eating disorder.

The cause of depression can come from many aspect. The most significant cause which we can see is coming from an incident or even a bad experience which ever happen to the patient life. That experience could be tremendously awful, in order that makes the patient thinks about the problem all over again most of the time, but still, he/she cannot found out any fine solution. That problem then slowly become a heavier burden to the patient as the time goes, and without he/her awareness, he/she already at the serious depression level. Those incident can be a sorrow moment or even a more extreme traumatic experience. For example, Mirah, a social worker, helping the victim at the’ May Tragedy’ which happened in Jakarta at 13th May 1998, she found out that in most cases, most woman that become the victim when tragedy happened, had got a serious trauma from a terrible violation such as rape and other sexual assault. They always remember about the tragedy happened to them all over the time. Sien Nio, one of the victim which survived from the tragedy was found in a very critical condition. She was found in a very shock and half naked with bruise all over her body. Three years after the’incident’, her eyes still looked very empty, she was still talking unclearly and afraid to comunicate with another person. It seems that the treatment from the psychiatrist could not make a good improvement to her serious depression problem. Not only the victim, Mirah herself also feel the same depression. She cannot forget the memory about the suffer of the victims which she had helped, moreover the suffer from the victims that she failed to help. “As I try to forget it, the memory become more real in my mind.” Mirah says. She continues, “I feel so guilty, because I cannot help them. This feeling is very hard to kill. I often cry, sad, afraid, uncomfortable inside. This still happen until now, eventhough it is much better than before.” The depression which happen to Mirah was so-called ‘vicarious trauma’ which means a trauma occurs because another person’s trauma.

Depression also can be trigger from a physical disease which not be healed from a long time (chronic medical condition), side effect as result from the usage of medicine or drugs. Depression also possible coming from social pressure, such as : problem in the family, unemployment, or heavy responsibilities in job, etc.
For example, from survey which done lately by Minoru Matsumoto, a talk person for Seven & I Holding Co.Ltd company. The result shown that the ‘depression degree’ of the workers in Japan achieve the highest rank compared with the other developed countries. Long overtime hours of work never let them to hang out or even do some sport. Moreover, the fact that the tension in their work and too strict work schedule make them too serious in their work, so that they don’t even have the time to breath, denote that they rarely able to take a deep breath.

There are a number of researches which conclude that depression will be followed by physical illness, such as asma, heart problem, headache and maag. According to Phillip Rice, an expert at physcology, depression increase a risk of someone to get physical illness because the depression condition increase adrenaline circulation and cortisol which will effect to the decrease of body immunity. Beside, a person depression will easily get sick, because they will have a big change in his/her life style, such as lost his/her appitate, changes in his/her eating pattern also going (eat too many or difficult to eat), less activity, get tired easily, and hard to sleep. In another case, the patient which suffer a physical illness too long make get depressed For example, most cases that can be found at patient of backache, cancer or impoten.

Next to the physical problem caused by depression, the mental condition also in danger, because depression will worsen the cognitive funtion, emotion, and productivity of the human being. The problem caused to the mental condition maybe found out to be the most dangerous result of depression. For instance, in the past several years, much has been written about suicides and their connection to high unemployment rates in Japan. An awful statistics show that for years since 1998, Japan's suicide numbers have topped the 30,000 mark annually. However, compared with the other developed countries, the number of unemployment in Japan not quite add up. According to Japan Information Network's international rates for 2002, Japan stacked up pretty well. The highest was Italy at 9.4 per cent, followed by France with 8.7, the European Union at 8.3, Germany with 8.2, Canada with 7.7, America at 5.8, and Japan falling just below that with 5.4 per cent. The only country on the list that scored lower was the United Kingdom with 5 per cent unemployment. Statistics from the World Health Organization show that the majority of suicide victims are males from age 40 to the mid-60s. Many of these men committed suicide because of a feeling of dishonouring the family name. while the others simply watched their companies let them go after years of devoted work, and couldn't find any work because of their age and becoming unemployment. But this phenomenon is changing. According to psychiatrist Hidetoshi Nishijima, an executive board member of the Japan Medical Association, in an interview at the year 2002, stated that the importance of family life to the normal Japanese individual has gradually replaced the "perception of lifetime employment at one company," and the importance of a job. "An increasing number of employees do not favour working long overtime hours," said Nishijima.

Another effect which can be happened because of depression is what so-called with ‘The Sick Organization, that is a person’s depression can change the atmosphere where the person is and make another person also getting the same depression, for example, vicarious trauma which happen to Mirah, like has mention earlier, can be grouped as ‘the sick organization’. The depression make her hard to sleep and feel depressed. According to her, she always has the same feeling every May comes.

Depression is a very serious problem because a long time depression can make the patient’s mental condition ruins, it can also effect to her/his routine, and also the atmosphere where he/she is belong. However, a big number of the person with depression problem feel embarrass, inconvinient, and do not know where they should go to find the cure. For instance, in the case of profesional worker who always concentrate on productivity, achivement, stability, and braveness as their primary attention. There is a preference to conceal his problem in order that his image as a professional do not change. There are also mistake and unreasonable asumption, that is “A Psyciatrist, conselor, or physcolog are expert for a person with a heavy mental problem”, so they are afraid to be assumed as a crazy person or a weird person if they go there.

There’re various medical and physcological treatments which help to cure and reduce the effect from depression problem. However, it is important to know that the depression treatment is different to each people. For example, A ‘heavy manic depression’ patient only able to be help with the usage of anesthetic. The physcology expert also should consider that there are only a number of disturbance which cause by environment problem and social problem.

There are four criterias to help us to know how to solve our depression problem. First, ask ourself if we feel any disturbance. Next, find out if the disturbance have a negative impact to our private life or routine. After that, figure out if we capable to solve the disturbance. The last, if we found out that the disturbance causing negative impact and difficult to solve, moreover if the reaction is abnormal, that’s mean we need help from the experts.

The most important thing when dealing with the depression problem is the commitment and persitance. Without that two things, every patient will find no solution, moreover it will give him emotional problem and pessimistic feling in their future life.

Opinion about Managng Bandung’s waste problems through reduction and bale system

2006-05-27T10:58:00.000+07:00

I. Introduction
a. General definition about waste
b. The current Condition of Bandung’s waste
c. Manage the Bandung’s waste problem by reducing it and using the Bala press system in garbage dump.
II. Body paragraph I
TS: The problem of Garbage
a. Affecting local economy
b. Example in Photocopy store in Tamansari
c. Create uncomfortable environment
d. garbage in cihampelas road has creating eyesore and pungent stench
e. Annoying the local health
f. example of it in Kiaracondong primary school
III. Body Paragraph II
Ts: Steps that already taken by Municipal government
a. Place Banner
b. example of it in tamansari
c. Seeking Alternative Garbage dup site
d. Seeking for incinerator
IV. Body Paragraph III
Ts: Steps we can do to manage garbage
a. Prevent it
b. Re-use it
c. Identify our waste
d. Dispose carefully of hazardous waste
V. Body Paragraph IV
Ts: Introduction of baling system
a. definition
b. The use of it
VI. Body paragraph V
Ts: How the bale system works
a. Pressing
b. Netting
c. Wrapping
d. Unloading
VII. Body Paragraph VI
TS: The advantages of bale system
a. quick and easy mobility
b. example of it compared to incinerator
c. environmentally friendly
d. example to traditional landfill
e. didn’t use much space
f. example compared to RSL
g. low energy consumption
h. help surrounding community
i. compared to traditional landfill
VIII. Body paragraph VII ( opposing Arguments)
TS: The opposes aren’t agree of using it because of several reason
a. It seem need much cost
b. re: at the beginning maybe, but we will benefit much in long term of using it
c. It was noisy
d. re : we can simply put it on area away from settlement
e. Does it solve the leach problems
f. re: yes, because we actually separate the leach in this system and the leach stored in a chemical tank for further process
IX. Conclusion
To handle the bandung waste problem is through reduce it from it source and find other garbage dump area which use the bala press system to replace old traditional landfill system.

my opinion about babysitter (essay)

2006-05-24T14:25:00.000+07:00

I. Introduction :
1. Definition of baby sitter
2. The reason why people use the service of babysitter
3. This essay will describe the reason why I don't agree with babysitter and examples of some cases for my opinion.

II. Reason 1 :
Topic sentence : Babysitter weaken the bond between the baby and the mother.
1. The explanation about the topic sentence.
2. The example case of the topic sentence.

III. Reason 2 :
Topic sentence : Babysitter make the child unindependence.
1. The explanation about the topic sentence.
2. The example cese of the topic sentence.

IV. Reason 3 :
Topic sentence : Babysitter make the child uncomfortable.
1. The explanation about the topic sentence.
2. the example case of the topic sentence.

V. Reasons why people use the service of babysitter.
Topic sentence : There are some reasons why people use the service of baby sitter to take care of their child.
1. Working parents.
Counter : take a break or ask a relative to take care of the child.
2. It is more simple.
Counter : we still need to make rules for the babysitter.

VI. Conclusion
Topic sentence : Altough it looks that using the service of babysitter has many advantages, but there are some cases that proves that took care by parents are better than by a babysitter.

Limitation for freedom of expression

2006-05-24T10:55:00.000+07:00

Introduction

Topic : Limitation for freedom of expression

Information : The disadvantages of application freedom of expression

Background : Freedom of expression has been in wrong way

Thesis Statement : Because Freedom of expression has been in wrong way, it should be limited by government.

Content

Pro Argument

1. Freedom of expression has always been misunderstood as a freedom to give opinion without regarding others’ rights.

a. Many people become more selfish after Freedom of Expression was implemented

b. Many people think that they are completely right

c. They just like to speak not to listen

d. Every problem becomes difficult to get agreement and solution

e. Democration could not be implemented anymore

2. Most of people always make Freedom of expression as an excuse to do whatever they want.

a. Many irresponsible people justify their action.

b. They use violence

c. They make anarchism as a form of expression

d. They break public tools

e. Society becomes chaos

3. The implementation of Freedom of expression brings more bad impacts.

a. Demonstration

b. Pornography

c. Separatism

d. Violence

Counter Argument

1. Freedom could not be limited

2. We have ever felt how our freedom of expression was limited in Orde Baru

Refutation

1. Freedom doesn’t mean that we are free to do whatever we want without limitation

2. Orde Baru is the era when there is no freedom at all.

Solution

1. Government must give some understanding about how freedom of expression should be.

2. Government must limit freedom of expression.

Conclusion

Freedom of expression has been existing in Indonesia since 1945 when we declared our independence. However, this freedom was not exist during Orde Baru regime. This freedom was completely limited by the violence of military power. Fortunately, this regime just stood about 32 years old. After Orde Baru collapsed, reformation era was introduced and freedom of expression became an epidemic around this country. Somehow, since that era, freedom expression has been in wrong way. We should admit that our life in this reformation era is not better than in Orde Baru regime, even worse. There are a lot of bad impacts that occur because of freedom of expression such as demonstrations, pornography, sexual abuses, violences, and even corruptions. Because freedom of expression has been in wrong way, it should be limited by government.

First, freedom of expression has always been misunderstood as a freedom to give opinion without regarding others’ rights. Many people become more selfish after Freedom of Expression was implemented. Many people think that they are completely right while others are wrong. If there is a problem, they just like to speak not to listen to others. They won’t appreciate others’ argument unless others’ argument has same way with their opinion and support each other. Their stubborn attitude makes every single problem that occurs in our country become difficult to get an agreement and solution. Every problem can only be solved by voting. Solution just appears from the power of majority while the right of minority is not concerned and participated. Because all of that , democration in this country could not be implemented anymore.

Second, most of people always make Freedom of expression as an excuse to do whatever they want. Many irresponsible people justify their action. They even use violence to make sure to others that their opinion is right while others’ is wrong. They make anarchism as a form of expression. They make graffiti everywhere, break public tools and burn anything else to show their expression and opinion. Because of their action, society becomes chaos.

Third, the implementation of Freedom of expression brings more bad impacts. There are demonstration, separatism, pornography and violence. Many people think that demonstration as the only way to give their opinion so that there is no day without demonstration. Pornography as an expression of ‘art’ occurs everywhere and becomes an epidemic to the society. Now, most of society’s way of life could not be separated from this stuff. Not only that, many people use this freedom moment to separate from our country like GAM, OPM, RMS and so on. A lot of kind of separatism occur in every region because they say that they have a right to do this action which is freedom of expression. They even use violence to force Indonesian government to legalize their action.

Some people say that freedom of expression must not be limited. They argue that according to the meaning of freedom itself, freedom is not appropriate with limitation. Furthermore, they say that we have ever felt how our freedom of expression was limited in Orde Baru. I agree that freedom is not appropriate with limitation but is it worth if we are free to do whatever we want even break the law and our democration way of life in the name of freedom of expression?. I don’t think so. We know that how horrible the limitation in Orde Baru was. This regime usually used military power to punish every person that gave his/her opinion about especially the weakness of this regime. But, that was not a form of limitation on freedom of expression. That was a form of dictator which there is no freedom at all. Of course we all don’t want that happens again. The limitation in here is not as strict as Orde Baru regime did. This limitation is just to control our freedom of expression so that its implementation will still in the way of democration way of life.

There is some solutions to solve this problem. First, government must give some understanding about how freedom of expression should be. Government and NGO should be active to this action so that people will not misunderstand about freedom of expression again. Second, Government must limit freedom of expression in order to make a better way for implementation of freedom of expression so that our democratic way of life is still exist in this country.

After short discussion, we can conclude that freedom of expression in Indonesia has been in wrong way. Government should consider limitation for implementation of freedom of expression as one solution to stabilize our life.

Any comments will be fully appreciated. Thanks

Chemical Weapon (My Essay Topic)

2006-05-12T10:03:00.000+07:00

Chemical Weapon and Opinion about It

Outline:

I. Introduction
A) Definition of chemical weapon.
B) Differences from conventional and other types of weapon.
C) This essay will describe three examples of chemical weapons and why I disagree about their use (thesis statement)

II. Body Paragraph I (2nd example: Chlorine gas)
Topic sentence: Chlorine is one of the first mass-produced chemical weapon used entirely for war use.
A) Physical properties of chlorine.
B) Its fatal effects.
C) The usage in World War I.

III. Body Paragraph II (2nd example: Sarin nerve gas)
Topic sentence: Sarin is one of the most famous chemical weapons that unfortunately found its usage against both military and civilian target.
A) Physical properties of sarin.
B) Its fatal effects.
C) The usage in Iran-Iraq War and suppresion against Iraqi Kurds during Saddam Hussein's regime.

IV. Body Paragraph III (3rd example: Zyklon B gas)
Topic sentence: Zyklon B is an example of immoral use of chemical warfare against civilian targets.
A) Physical properties of Zyklon B.
B) Its fatal effects.
C) The usage toward Jews by Nazi Germany.

V. Body Paragraph V (my disagreement about chemical weapon and 1st reason)
Topic sentence: Chemical weapon can be considered as Weapon of Mass Destruction.
A) It can affect civilians as well, not only enemy soldiers.
B) The spread of its effect cannot be controlled and often cover very large area.

VI. Body Paragraph VI (2nd reason)
Topic sentence: Use of poison (chemical weapon in this rate) in war is isn't fair.
A) Use of poison is cowardish and against the law of chivalry.
B) Better to fight face-to-face.

VII. Body Paragraph VII (opposing arguments)
Topic sentence: Many chemical weapon supporters agree that this type of weapon can be used because of several reasons.
A) It can cause instant death toward enemies. Thus, they won't feel pain or tortured at all.
B) Counter-argument: many chemical weapons give painful effect before killing targets.
C) Examples and facts.
D) It will only be used against military target.
E) Counter argument: history has proved that chemical weapons often used toward civilian as well.
F) Examples and facts.

IX. Conclusion
Topic sentence: Chemical weapon should never allowed to be used again. Based on what happened to the past, chemical weapon proved to be very devastating and often misused against civilians.

Very good outline, please give enough supports and real examples of your points.

Modern Technology

2006-05-05T11:50:00.000+07:00

I. Introduction

Thesis statement : The most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern times are in the fields of computer technology, replace television on the middle of last century.(Are you sure that televison was replaced by computer? How about telephone? Fax? etc?)

II. Body

A. A popular form of instant communication and information all over the world is used to be television. (What is your point in this part??)

1. On the middle of 20^th century, television had been the most significant discoveries that improve people’s lives all over the world.

2. The use of television was expanded as means of information and communication.

B. In the last few decades, computer technology has made tremendous progress in the world of communication and information to benefit humankind.

1. The invention of internet technology decrease gap between different places of the world.

2. Internet widen people’s knowledge with unlimited access of information.

3. Computer technology or internet era replace television as the most popular form of instant communication and information.

C. Technology has contributed enormously to advances in computer medicine, education, world peace, and many other fields.

1. Technology contribution in computer medicine has benefited both doctors and patients.

2. Technology contribution in education has improved modern methods of learning.

3. Technology contribution in the field of the world peace has made the world as a better place for human living.

III. Conclusion

To conclude, scientific research and experiments have certainly opened the doors to faster, more easily accessible information worldwide on the computer. Many of these discoveries have changed our lives for the better and have made the people of the world closer.

Your conclusion is good. You should rewrite your thesis statement. Make it more focus.

Modern Technology

2006-05-05T11:04:00.000+07:00

Humankind has been granted with intelligence and ability to develop many things to make their life, work and activity much easier. From ages to ages, humankind has been making many new discoveries and inventions to accomplish its main target as told before. Those discoveries, however, have ranging significance of importance, from less important to extremely important. Those extremely important discoveries may even affect humankind in terms of lifestyle and social life. The most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern times are in the fields of television and then computer technology.

A popular form of instant communication all over the world is television. With television, we can obtain informations in much faster way compared to the ages when radio, telegram, printed newspaper and letter still rule the world. Television has more advantages than those old medias of communication, to mention some: provide audiovisual and relatively fresh news. By using satellites, relay stations, correspondences, and worldwide reporters, television stations in the can obtain and exchange informations each others locally or internationally, and then broadcast them to the people. As time develops, television also changes in term of size and quality. Nowadays, television is getting smaller and smaller, even so small that sometimes people can carry it anywhere.

In the last few decades, computer technology has made tremendous progress in the world of communication to benefit humankind. The most important benefit we can obtain from this progress is how fast and easy it is to gain information. In my opinion, this is, in fact, the fastest way to gain information, slightly, if not much, faster than television in general. The establishment of internet and e-mail service gives great contribution to this. In this "cyber world", people can access news about most current events, because people nowadays tend to send and update news using internet. People can do many thing through internet: purchasing goods, attending auctions, donating, reading literatures, sending letters (or e-mail in internet term), and many more. People can communicate each other no matter how far they are separated by using e-mail, mIRC, or other chatting medias. People can even create a network of friends worldwide using now-popular Friendster. We can forget about writing letters in real world with all its difficulties. What we will have to do is sending an e-mail, and the recipient will receive it in no time. And more: it's all for free, just like many internet's features. In short, thanks to computer and internet, the world seems very small and countries seem to have no border at all.

Technology has also contributed enormously to advances in computer medicine, which benefited both doctors and patients. An example of computer technology's contribution and support is by helping doctors and physicians to analyze area of their patients' body that is not externally visible or can cause serious risks if forced to be seen directly. They can use medical imaging method, which combines chemical and physical methods with data-processing computers. The datas collected through radiology, Computed Tomography (more well-known as CT-scan), and USG (UltraSonoGraphy) are converted into digital data and then processed by computer until finally shown in monitor as visible images. This will no doubt help doctors to diagnose the patients. Another example of computer technology usage is robot-surgeon. Just as its name means, this robot is used to help human surgeon to perform precise and accurate surgery.

To conclude, scientific research and experiments have certainly opened the doors to faster, more easily accessible information worldwide on television and the computer. Many of these discoveries have changed our lives for the better and have made the peoples of the world closer. Of course, technology is a double-edged sword: while it can help humankind in manything, it can also cause danger if we use it excessively. In order to avoid it, we have to control the usage, do not rely too much on technology, and keep in mind that it's human who controls technology, not technology that controls human.

Modern Technology

2006-05-05T10:55:00.000+07:00

Humankind is always depended on technology, therefore, people always develop the technology all over the time. Their researches always give the human a better life
The most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern times are in the fields of television and computer technology.

Television is one of the popular form of instant communication all over the world.
There are two main reasons why television become so popular than most of the other device. The first is because television display both dynamic visualisation and sound. These extraordinary facilities give a different sense of communication than the other devices which help the receiver become more understand to what actually the correspondent trying to communicate. For example if someone try to describe us about a gadget, it is not easy for us to visualize the shape or the function in our mind, but if we see the visualisation from the television, we will easier to recognize the gadget.
The second reason is because television has the ability to give the watcher an urgent information without delay. This can be possible because the source of the event can be reported directly from the spot where the event happen.

Along with the popularity of the television, in the last few decades, computer technology has made tremendous progress in the world of communication to benefit humankind. At the beginning, computer only have some minor ability such as calculating,writing although it has a very big unit. Throughout the time, the technology has been able to minimize the size of the computer unit and maximize the performance of the computer itself. The higher performance/ability of the computer has made the purpose of the computer usage has become more variety, such as editing picture, spreadsheet, making an animation, making program,etc. The usage of the computer is also applicated in vary of gadget we use nowadays. The most important of computer technology is the progress of the supporting technology that we use to called the cyberworld or internet. This computer technology make all people from every part of the world become closer. This phenomenon could be happen because the internet allows the user to know about events occur in any part of the world and also provide a big number of valueable article which can be access by any person. The internet also allow any online-bussiness which replace the old trading system. The system can be done by any person in any part of the world, beside the costumer and the seller do not have to meet directly to carry on the trading. This technology has made a very remarkable step for the communication.

Technology has contributed enormously to advances in computer medicine, which has benefited both doctors and patients. Like have mention above, the computer technology has been able to applicated to the many kind of gadget. The medication world also applied this kind of technology to replace the old traditional device because the technology is more accurate, more efficient and much safer for the patient. For instance, heart surgery is very risky, but with the usage of robot, the danger of the surgery can be reduced. The usage of the technology also vary in the medication world such as X-ray, surgery device, sonar that can be use to detect the baby inside the mother’s stomach,etc.

To conclude, scientific research and experiments have certainly opened the doors to faster, more easily accessible information worldwide on television and the computer.
Many of these discoveries have changed our lives for the better and have the peoples of the world closer.

Modern Technology

2006-05-05T10:28:00.000+07:00

In modern times there are many developments in every aspect of human life. All of this advancement is very useful for humanity. Besides that, this improvement spread all over the world at a superb speed. Bu the most recent significant discoveries to benefit human kind in modern times are in the fields of television and computer technology. Therefore, this essay will explain why television and computer technology have the most significant progress in this modern times.

In the old times, around the year of 1920, the television was found. It is also still black and white chromatic. Besides that, television was still a luxurious good. But now, television advancement has made a stunning progress. Nowadays, television is already in colorful chromatic. Television can be seen everywhere and have become an important part of human life. In addition, live broadcast is possible because of the sophisticated technology of data transferring which is mean that people can get the latest information up to date. Therefore, Television is already become a popular form of instant communication all over the world.

The same thing happened to computer development. Now, Computer is in the smaller form than the old times. It also has been an ordinary good for human life. But the most startling thing is the processing speed. The recent computer is far more superior in processing speed than the old ones even though it has a smaller form. Besides that, there is internet service in computer nowadays which is very useful for information spreading and communicating. Therefore we know that in the last few decades computer technology has made tremendous progress in the world of communication to benefit humankind.

The aspect that gets the most contribution from the development of computer technology is medicine. With computer technology, patient's examination become very quick and accurate as well. More than that, patient operation could be done by operating machine with computer's help. With this, the doctor could operate the patient more safely and accurately. Thereby computer can make medicine method more flexible and safe which means computer give advantages to both the patients and doctors.

To conclude, scientific research and experiments have certainly opened the doors to faster, more easily accessible information worldwide on television and the computer. Many of these discoveries have changed our lives for the better and made the peoples of the world closer.

Modern technology

2006-05-05T09:45:00.000+07:00

Recently technology has become an important thing which we can not live without. We can see its product in every single thing we met. But, have you ever wonder what kind of technology is the most important one? Which one has brought most benefit to humankind? The answer is both television and computer technology.

Television contribute us a popular form of instant communication all over the world. Everybody could easily get the information by just watching it. Special skill does not needed to watch television. Therefore, television become the most general media of communication to all range of age, genre, and culture. Moreover, it has become a global unite communication. By watching televisions news programs, we can see what happen in other country, how is the global finance situation, politic issue, and many more. There are also various kind of show which lead us to know about everything and everywhere. By knowing all the information about the others, we could be a united world.

Computer technology, especially internet, has also made tremendous progress in the world of communication. Although more skills and knowledge are needed to operate the technology, computer has build a specific database of information from all over the world. It also enable us to communicate with other people everywhere by sending email or chat.By keep contact with them, we could easily give and receive information.

Computer has also being used to improve medical treatment which benefited both doctors and the patients. Research and development of medicine move lot faster by using computer technology. Computer has also enabled 3D modeling of humans physiologic system in order to increase surgery precision. This kind of modelling also help the doctor to find spesific source of his patients illness, and then decide the most suitable treatment.

In other word, scientific research and development of television and computer technology have enable us to communicate globally. We now have an access to worldwide information. It is now our responsibility to use the technology to live better. With all the information system surround, we could getting closer each other. By getting closer, we would think globally, not only for our own benefit. Therefore, world will be a better place to live.

Modern Technology

2006-05-05T09:15:00.000+07:00

After the industry revolution, many inventions are made. From the invention of radio to airplane. Most of them give benefits to humankind. But, the most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern times are in the field of television and computer technology.

Television or we can say TV is a popular communication media. Most of the people have it. Millions people watch it every day. We can say that no one do not know TV.

Commercial breaks on TV are a big help to the world of commercial industry. With this commercial breaks industries can promote their product easier. As we know before the invention of television, industrymen must promote their products directly to the people. The must go from one house to another one by one to promote the new products. This wastes time, energy, and money. But now they can easily promote their products through commercials breaks. The products will be known by hundred thousands people in a day (compare it with the traditional method that can only promote it to thousands people in days). Although some industry still use the traditional method, it is much more profitable to the industries to promote it through commercial breaks.

Developments in computer technology also give benefits to human. With computers, many complicated calculation done. Modeling a system behavior is not as difficult as it is in the past. There are still much more benefits we get from the development of computer technology.

One of it is the benefit in the medical world. With the computer technology doctors examine the huge amounts of data from their experiments easier. For an example, when the avian flu occurred in April last year, computers in UK have been working overtime in the fight against avian flu. computers at eleven UK universities and research labs have put in one hundred thousand hours of time searching for possible drug components against the avian flu virus H5N1. The analysis used a computing Grid, a new network that brings together worldwide computer resources to solve scientific problems. With this research, doctors hope they can find potential compound that inhibit activities of enzyme on the avian flu virus surface. Hopefully this can decrease the activities of the whole parts of the virus.

To conclude, many of benefits we get from the invention of television and the development of computer technology.

"Essay" SAMPLE

2006-05-05T09:05:00.001+07:00

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Modern Technology

2006-05-05T09:05:00.000+07:00

The most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern times are in the fields of handphone and computer technology.

A popular form of instant communication all over the world is handphone, which is usually called HP or cellular phone. HP is an electronic telecommunication mean which has same basic ability with conventional fixed line. But, HP is portable and wireless so we can bring it in our pocket. HP, beside its function for doing and receiving telephone calls, it also commonly has function of sending and receiving short message service, usually called SMS. The more expensive handphone also often add camera fiture and internet service (WAP, GPRS, 3G). There are also service of videophone and online television in their HP. With a phone in hand, we can communicate easily, browse, and chat. So, handphone can make people closer and closer in its function as instant coomunication.

In the last few decades, computer technology has made tremendous progress in the world of communication to benefit humankind. The progress is so fast, including development of PCs, laptops, cameras, DVD, spyware, printers, and so on. But the most succesfull progress is in field of internet. Nowadays, we can easily get many informations from internet. We can chat, send and receive e-mail from around the world. It enables us to communicate easily to people anytime and anywhere.

Technology has contributed enormously to advances in computer medicine, which has benefited both doctors and patients. Advances in computer technology provide a wide range of applications which are revolutionizing the practice of medicine. For example, the development of new software for the office creates a web of communication among physicians, staff members, health care facilities and associated agencies. This provides the physician with the prospect of a paperless office. Also, at the other end of the spectrum, the development of 3D work stations and software based on computational chemistry permits visualization of protein molecules involved in disease. Computer assisted molecular modeling has been used to construct working 3D models of lens alpha-crystallin.

To conclude, scientific research and experiments have certainly opened the doors to faster, more easily accesible information worldwide on handphone and the computer. Many of these discoveries have changed our lives for the better and have made the peoples of the world closer.

Most Significant Technology Development

2006-05-05T06:40:00.000+07:00

There are so many inventions or discoveries that help people to do their works. In modern times, technology is developed in every part of human lives. Technology becomes an important part of people and a part that can’t replaceable. Among those inventions or discoveries of technology, TV and Computer are the most recent significant technology that very useful to humankind. Those 2 inventions are used by so many people and even now, people can’t live without them.

A popular form of instant communication all over the world is TV. It’s one of technology which is developed through years. There are so many TV channels that can give us the up to date news. Satellite TV technology has been developed so we can hear and see from TV about the latest news that happen in our country even another country all around the world. People don’t need to buy a newspaper to know about the latest news. Just turn on the TV and people can know about the news.

Another technology which is very important for people is computer. Every year even every month, computer is developed whether it’s the hardware or software. In the last few decades, computer technology has made tremendous progress in the world of communication to benefit humankind. Invention of internet is one of computer technology that has made a big change for the world communication. People can sit on their chair and read about the news that happens in all over the world. Now, people don’t have to buy a stamp, go to post office, and send the letter. There is email; it’s an electronic mail that sends the letter through cyber world. People also don’t need to use phone if they want to talk to people. They can use programs like MSN messenger or skype from internet so they can talk to people. Communication isn’t a boundary anymore to people from all over the world. Computer is one of the technologies that make it happen.

Technology has contributed enormously to advances in computer medicine, which has benefited both doctors and patients. Doctors aren’t a God and there is something that even doctors are unable to cure the patients. By contribution of technology in health and medicine, doctors are able to cure the patients. Robot is one of the invention that help doctors to do an operation. It benefits both doctors and patients. Doctors can do the operation more careful and technology can increase the success percentage of the operation. In the world of medicine, laser is also one of the technologies that has been developed. Technology is used in every part of human lives and health is one of them.

Scientific research and experiments have made an important part that makes information and communication of worldwide on TV and computer becomes more easily. These inventions and discoveries have changed people live and the way people think. We have to use it wise for the better future.

Modern Technology

2006-05-05T01:30:00.000+07:00

Modern times begin when the first machine was created. It has changed the world in many ways. One example of the change is machine can help man to finish their jobs. After the invention of machine, man invented a lot of things. The most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern times are in the fields of television and computer technology. It has changed all the tradition that has been take place before they appear.

A popular form of instant communication all over the world is television. Televisions give us information from all over the world and bring the information in front of us through audio and visual output. Through the television, we can know what really happen in that place, not to long after the accident happen. Because of the quick and complete information, televisions become a popular form of instant communication tools.

In the last few decades, computer technology has made tremendous progress in the world of communication to benefit humankind. From the first computer that have size half of soccer field which only can do easy mathematical calculation, until now, the computer has develop into a small size with a lot of capabilities in only short period of time. With computer, man can change much information through internet. Browsing, chatting, and e-mailing are the program to change information between people all over the world. The using of internet brings benefit to the mankind. The communication between people become cheaper and quicker.

Technology has contributed enormously to advances in computer medicine, which has benefited both doctors and patients. The new technology brings a new hope to increase doctor awareness about patient sickness and treat the patient appropriately. For example is x-ray. With an x-ray, doctor will be able to know the condition of the bone of the patient that invisible from outside and give the patient appropriate treatment.

To conclude, scientific research and experiments have certainly opened the doors to faster, more easily accessible information worldwide on television and the computer. Many of these discoveries have changed our lives for the better and have the peoples of the world closer.

Modern technology

2006-05-05T00:13:00.000+07:00

The most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern times are in the fields of television and computer technology. If we look over hundreds years ago, we see that the development of information devices is very low. People in that time only use papers or animal skins to write messages and it sent by human or animal couriers. But only in the last 100 years the communication developments is very tremendous. The found of communication satellites marks it. Started with telegraphs, telegrams, telephones, radios, black and white TV, room-sized-computers until wireless and satellite telephones, color TV, small computers, PDA, notebooks, etc.

A popular form of instant communication all over the world is television. It’s become so popular because it display both graphic and sound. The older communication devices gave sound output only like telephone, and graphic output only like telegrams and letters. In the war world II people watch black and white TV, but now almost everyone have color TV. Even there are so many improvements in television technology, but the main function of TV is the same, for the commercial purposes.

In the last few decades, computer technology has made tremendous progress in the world of communication to benefit humankind. Since internet found we can do any buy-sell business online, send messages to anyone in the world, expose bad or good events, and search anything with search engine. The computer development has its own history. It’s started with a huge size CPU until now it's become as thin as a book. The scientists always try to minimize the size and maximize the performance. In the old days computer is used for simple purposes only, like counting and writing, because of its low performances, but now people use it not only for counting but also for editing pictures and films, playing songs, games, even for hacking and stealing money from the bank.

Technology has contributed enormously to advances in computer medicine, which has benefited both doctors and patients. Traditional methods are no longer use because it doesn't give accurate information about our sickness. With computer technology we can scan our brain, see babies even they still in their mother stomach, search for someone only with their DNA sample, scan our bones with X-ray, search our hidden illness with radioactive molecules and the sonar catcher, and many other things.

Modern Technology

2006-05-04T22:22:00.000+07:00

Nowadays, using some modern devices invented in nineteenth century, such as television, radio, cellphone, and computer is not a new thing for people who live in cities around the world. Although some of those devices give a bad influence to the users, but most of them give good benefits too, especially in gathering informations and improving communication system. The most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern times are in the fields of are television and cellphone.
The most popular modern device in the world is television. It betas other devices. The reason why television becomes so popular is because it provides lots of informations through various kinds of programs. News, sports, movies, musics, can be got by turning the channels through the remote control. based on the surveys, most program chosen by tv watcher is news programs. It gets almost 30% from all people who watch tv. Besides that, another reason that makes tv become an amazing discovery is that it provides the informations with both pictures and sounds that helps the watcher understand the infos easier.
Another device that plays a significant benefit to humankind is celluar phone. The reserch of cellphone has increased since Alexander Graham Bell invented a telephone in1876. The amount of people who use cellphone 45 million people in Indonesia while it reaches the number of 1.5 billion in all around the world in 2005. The reason why people use this amzing devices is that they can talk with other person which is far away from his place easier. Besides that, it helps a eprson to tell some informations to other person faster because he or she has on ly dial the number and talk without meeting the the person.
In conclusion, some researches, especially the scientific ones, have indirectly helped people in getting access of information easier and faster through television dan cellular phone. The discovery of these devices makes our lives better.

HAndphone and its problems

2006-05-04T22:21:00.000+07:00

Technology has brought tremendous effect in our life. One of the the most important invention in technology is handphone. Handphone gives us great advantages. Handphone helps to increase the work efficiency and provide easier access for communication. Moreover, hamndphone had made it possible to develop closer relationship, both in the family and the working life. It becomes easier to arrange meeting or others. That's why it is used by many people. It is true that handphone becomes unseparateable part of our life.

However, every technology has its own problems. Because of its popularity, many brands sell a new type of handphone quickly. A new model could be sell 3-6 months after the old one. ANd many people wants to buy the new model before the old one is broken. This cause much waste. And waste a lot of money too. And, the new model is often less durable than the old. Because of its complicated technology, the new becomes more sensitive.

Another problem is misuse of handphone. Many people now forget about etiquette. They use handphone in places like cinemmas or places of worship. They often forget to turn off the handphone to prevent disturbance like SMS or unimportant calls. And with handphone with some features like bluetooth or infrared, people can spread pornography easily. Unfortunately, not only adults, but also teenagers or even children, can get it with handphone. ANd also, handphone with camera are often used to take photos or videos of others' privacy. That's why in some places like swimming pool or fitness centre, handphone with camera are banned to prevent it.

And also, the usage of handphone are effects our body too. Nowadays, many teenagers have a muscled thumb because they pften use it to play games or use handphone for SMS or dialing numbers. This led to a mutation of the children. And, radiation of handphone affects us too. The radiation of handphone could reduce sperm count by 30 percent. Radiation from handphone is disturbing our sleeping pattern too. Scientists are now trying to find the other effects of radiation to our body like cancer or damage to our brain.

To conclude, the invention of handphone does give us great advantage in communication. But also, we should control and also prevent its problems to happen by making a safeguard or regulation.

2006-05-04T18:35:00.000+07:00

Working Will Harm the Development of Children Brain

Children are engaged in some kind of paid work in many countries although some people regard it as a completely wrong. Those who think that it is not right to give a paid work to children have a strong argument to support their thought from many aspects. One of the arguments is related to what happen to children brain when they have to work.

From the biological psychology aspect, our first 10-13 years was the time when we developed our sensory and motoric ability. Naturally, human in this range of ages will explore their surrounding with their senses as a pleasure. Contacts with different stimulation from surrounding become a primary need since those contacts used by our brain to develop its stem (the one that responsible for motoric activity and sensory respond). If a kid spends his ages of 10-13 for working, he will lose his best opportunity to explore and gets new stimulation from surrounding. Thus, he will have a weak motoric ability and slow sensory respond. This fact is contrary with the thought of those who consider working kid will get valuable things as a side effect.

People who are agree with giving children paid work argues that working gives valuable work experiences to those children. They do not really know what actually happen to the children brain when they have to work. Human brain is connected directly to the limbic system (this system control our emotion and memory). This system will naturally require safe, happy and joyful feelings to cooperate with the brain stem and neocortex. It means that children cannot think, memorize and respond stimulation effectively without emotionally feel safe.

Working will not give children useful experiences and trains their ability in taking responsibility because of the fact that limbic system requires safe, happy and joyful feelings to cooperate with other part of the brain. When a kid have to work there is only a small possibility that they feel happy. It is also almost impossible that they feel safe because working places are not the places naturally they consider as their home. This become worst due to the absent of their parents at the working place. With a condition like that, their brain will not take any kind of stimulation as a lesson or experience. They will only memorize the feeling of unsafe and inconvenient when they work because their limbic system refuses to cooperate with brain stem and neocortex. Since children brain is still developing, their limbic system is more sensitive and needs more joy to get a lesson or doing activity.

We can conclude that working is unnatural for children and their brain. Working will cause a lot of negative effect to the development of children brain and will not give any advantage to their motoric ability. It is completely wrong to give children paid work because it makes them lose their opportunity to develop their brain naturally.

Modern Technology

2006-05-04T18:31:00.003+07:00

In Middle Age centuries, machines have been invented by human. These machines have been helped human in any activities for many centuries. As time goes on, in nineteenth and early twentieth century, machines evolutes to electronic devices and it keep developed by human. Even, until now, we can see many electronic devices in our environment. Radios, telephones, refrigerators, televisions, and computers have shown us many advantages. Yet, the most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern times are in the fields of television and computer technology.

A popular form of instant communication all over the world is television. Television, even it does not has many function like computer, is very phenomenal. This electronic device is able to produce good quality audio and visual output. We can easily catch recent information because we can see and hear the information it self by watching television. The price of television also becomes cheaper than it in later century. Although it has no expensive price, the technology of television becomes sophisticated. The quality of sound and image in television becomes better, nowadays. Also, modern television has flat screen that can reduce dangerous electromagnetic radiation enter in to human eyes.

Besides television, computers have become one of popular technology. In the last few decades, computer technology has made tremendous progress in the world of communication to benefit humankind. Computer has many functions to help human activities. We can type something, calculate difficult calculation, simulate chemical reactions, et cetera. Yet, the most phenomenal is we can communicate easily with other people by using computer. With computer and internet connection, human can communicates with other person in other side of the world without meet the person. As example, we can send data or letter to our relations, and the charge is very cheap. Chatting on the internet also becomes alternative of the using of inter-local phone call because the price is less expensive. Those examples are with the hand of internet, but even without it, computer still performs many functions. We can play video games, listen to music, or watch movies by computer.

Also, technology has contributed enormously to advances in computer medicine, which has benefited both doctors and patients. With computer, doctor can diagnoses the illness of the patient easily without hard effort. The example is in diagnosing lung disease with x-ray. From the screen, doctor can already know the disease. This is very advantageous, both for doctors and patient.

To conclude, scientific research and experiments have certainly opened the doors to faster, more easily accessible information worldwide on television and the computer. Many of these discoveries have changed our lives for the better and have made the peoples of the world closer.

Modern Technology

2006-05-04T18:31:00.002+07:00

Nowadays, there are many discoveries and inventions that give us benefit. World Wide Web, television, cell-phone, and many others are examples for discoveries or invention that give us benefit. In my opinion, the most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern times are in the fields of television and computer technology. Now, we can watch other country’s TV channel in a real-time. In other way, we can easily chat with people from the edge of the world with computer and its technology.

A popular form of instant communication all over the world is television. According to Federal Communications Commission, by 1994, 99% of US households had at least one TV. This fact shows us about television popularity. It is because the development of television technology. Now, we can watch news from the other side of the world in a real-time view easily. People can watch NFL Superbowl final match or World Cup Match as easy as turn on their TV. Furthermore, cable-TV makes us have 70 channels from many countries. With many variety of the channels-theme, people can change the channel to a channel which contains their favorite theme. These benefits make television as of the most popular technology.

In the last few decades, computer technology has made tremendous progress in the world of communication to benefit humankind. With the internet discovery, the computer technology in the world of communication makes the world a small world and borderless. We can chat with people from many places in the world easily. Furthermore, we can see their face when chatting with a webcam. Other ways, the newspaper get up-to-date news from other countries easily. They get the news from their journalist whom report the news from the place where it’s happen. The journalist sends them the news with email. For example, in the World Cup Korea Japan 2002, the report of a match published in newspaper and web-page only 5 minutes after the match. The report includes after-match comment from team official, the player, and other team coaches.

To conclude, scientific research and experiments have certainly opened the doors to faster, more easily accessible information worldwide on television and the computer. Many of these discoveries have changed our lives for the better and have made the people of the world closer.

Modern Technology

2006-05-04T18:31:00.001+07:00

The most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern technology are in the fields of mobile communication and computer technology. Because of these discoveries the world become smaller and, time and distance become no problem. We can communicate to people around the world and invent something new product every day.

A popular form of communication between people is using moble communication. In the past few hundreds years we still using letter as our main communication which very slow and not guaranteed. After the invention of telephone, communication become better, we can to talk with other person directly. The peak of this is after the sattelite launched into the sky, communication become wireless. Handphone develop rapidly, from GSM and now CDMA. We can connected to other person without carying heavy phone.

Besides of the mobile phone, the computer also has tremendous progress in the last few decades. In the early of 80's, computer is very big. It size was as big as room. The memory is only in kilobytes, and process slowly. Nowadays after IC invented, the computer become smaller. This is because the transistors is compressed until one IC. One IC that has size 2*2 cm can contain millions transistors. This develop also increase the ability of the computer itself. We can operate many system in factory, we can build robot that can help our duties in the house until in the other planet for exploration.

Technology has conbtributed enomoursly to advances in the all aspects of our lives includes in the health. Medicines are discovered to cure the virus and other bacteries because the information can spread and doctors from all over the world can discuss about it without meet directly. Robotic arms that controled by computer are used in the hard operation that include the nerves and vital organs.

The development of modern technology especially in mobile communication and computer is the most important development in our technology, because it has changed our lives to more efficient and better in our aspects of lives.

Modern Technology

2006-05-04T18:31:00.000+07:00

Since nineteen century many new devices has invented. It is improve modern technology. Some of it is radio, telephone, television, computer, internet and cellular phone. Nowadays, these devices have become important part of our daily life. Almost all houses in big cities around the world have a radio, telephone, television, cellular phone and computer with internet connection. We can get many benefits from this device, mainly it improve communications. The most recent significant discoveries to benefit humankind in modern times are in the fields of television, radio, computer and internet technology.

A popular form of instant telecommunication in the world is television. Since John Bairdinvented it in 1925, television has become the most famous electronic device in the world. By the researchof UNICEF, The number of TV sets in the world increased more then five-fold between 1965 -1991 to more than 1 billion. The reason why TV is popular is that it provides us with various TV programs. It fills everybody needs, from information to entertainment. Most of people around the world consider the news from TV as their primary source of information.Survey indicates that material from news agencies almost exceeds 30% of news programmes. The industrialization has made television become cheaper and more affordable not only for middle class but also for lower class. In Indonesia, we simply not have to pay just for watch TV, except for the electric charge. That make TV is the popular communication device rather than computer or telephone.

Since radio was invented by Guglielmo Marconi in 1895. The people become know thatelectronic signal could be cast broadly trough space so people anywhere within its range could receive the signal. This invention leads to the invention of radiotelegraph (later called radio). This device can send any form of sound or code in signal through space. Radio become the important device in our daily life, most of people had a radio receiver in their home, to listen music, poems, news, or opinions. Radio is also important part of sea and air communication. It is use in every ship and every plane. Radio also made people bond in their community through radio clubs. It has spread up around the world to pass information or voice their opinions. Public awareness of radio was greatly increased in 1912, when Titanic tragedy was happened. About one per third of total passengers of the sinking ship were rescued after wireless telegraph operator on the North American mainland picked up Titanic’s distress signal and dispatched help to the scene as soon as possible. The most important reason why radio is the recent significant discoveries is that it is the basic of all transmission signal device like television, satellite telephone, and cellular phone.

In the last few decades, computer and internet technology has made tremendous progress in the world of communication. Computer invented in the early 1960s. In the beginning, it only uses to compute and calculate. Then it developed into various uses. With the invention of internet, computer plays a big role in communication. We can communicate and interact with people around the world. With computer, we can send not only data in form of electronic signals, but also in form of multimedia like video, sound and music. This enables people to communicate more freely, widely and effectively. People can send their opinions, and pass information through writing or voice. With streaming technology, we can communicate with other
people in form of video and sound. This enables us to communicate face to face. We even can send fragrance with special device through internet connections. This device allows us toexpress our emotions not only in form multimedia but also in form of smell.

Computer was also applied in bioscience and medical field. It helps doctor to measure the illness of patient more effective and accurate. It aids doctor in the analysis of biochemical system, provide medical information handling and display and create a simulation of biological system, like blood flow system or neural system. Monitoring the real-time condition of patient. The use of e-mail also help doctor to communicate with is patient more easily.

To conclude, scientific research and experiments have certainly opened the doors to faster,more easily accessible information worldwide on radio, television, and internet. Many of these discoveries have changed our lives for the better and have made the peoples of the world closer.

Children as Workers

2006-04-28T13:12:00.000+07:00

From many centuries ago, 5-14 years old children have been used as workers. In Middle Age centuries, when Industrial Revolution took place, children are used as operator of machines, replace the adults’ compulsory. Even, until now, children are still used as worker. As example, in Bandung, there are so many children work as “musician” on street. They play music around the traffic light or in the city bus. Also, we can found children work as food seller. Those phenomenons have become pros and contras for many people in any society. Some people said that work while we are 5-14 years old children is a good step to earn valuable experiences in learning and taking responsibilities. However, in that age, children should not work.

The main reason children should not allowed to work is because they still in growing periods, their brain and mental are still growing. Commonly, 5-14 years old children are difficult to remember what they ever have done. They also can not decide whether something is right or wrong. They will work without consider the consequents of what they do. In that age, children usually also can not accept difficult pressure. So, if they have to work, the job will not going well. As example, an innocent 13 years old boy has to operate machine like in the Middle Age century. Their skill in operating the machine must not be as good as the adults’. This will be bad for himself and people around the factory. Imagine if he misunderstood the order accepted (because he still difficult to remember). Say, the order is to switch off the gas by twist the switch to the right. Since he do not remember the order and still do not have ability to decide right or wrong, he will make mistake. Instead of switching the switch to the right, he twist it to the left and the gas blow out. Finally, everybody in that factory will get poisoned. After healing period, everybody will angry on him. Since he can accept difficult pressure, he will get depressed. This is really bad for him and this is because he is not ready to work.

Basically, the mental of children is not stable in age 5-14. They still need older person to guide them about life and they need time to build their physic and spiritual. So, in age 5-14, children should only spend their time with their family and/or play with their friends. Love and happiness must fulfill their life. Also, older person must not give them responsibilities, like paid work. Maybe they could, but, first, they must consider the age of the children. The children should not work if they are below 15 years old.

young worker

2006-04-28T13:04:00.000+07:00

Indonesia is a dense populated country. The birth rate of this country is above average, where ten babies born every hour. Ironically almost half of Indonesian lives in poverty. And more than half of the babies come from a poor family, where it is not easy to support their own family lives. However they make their children work hard, it is still hard for them to support their family lives. Even more to educate their children, their money is only enough to eat. With the condition like that, Indonesian government should let children to work. Children her is children whose age are under 17 but have capabilities on a work. But the government have to do something protect that young employer. It is about how much they waged, how their work security is, and anything that profitable for those children.

Here I would like to give more attention about the topic from economical point of view. In a standard living condition, parents are those who have the duty to work, earn for the family. While children just go to school, play games, and do not be worried about economical problem. But in a poor family, even parents have worked hard, their children can not go to school and it is still hard to earn for their family. That is why, children of poor family have to work. It is to support their family lives.

There are many kinds of jobs that children can do. The first is a handy craft jobs. Many people says that by working children would loose their chance to have fun. It is not impossible that by working they can have fun on it. For example, 6 years old children work in handy craft work art company, they play with clay. Their feelings of art can be trained from that. The second job is as labor of a hard job that need strength. This job is for those who strong enough, may be for 12 years old children that could lift 5 kilos weight in one time. The third job is to work in a restaurant. It is not a hard job to do. I believe that even a 6 years old children can be a waiter. Besides the three jobs that I have mentioned before, there still many jobs that can be done by children, as long as they have the capability on it.

If we just let children work, I believe that it is helpful for their family. Let the children do something for their parents. Because no one would care about their family living, but their children.

The Children Need Help!!

2006-04-28T12:48:00.000+07:00

As the inflation starts growing in Indonesia, the prize of daily needs starts rising. Foods, clothes, accommodation, education, energy source, entertainment, none of it are cheap right now. Everything is expensive. For people with low income, life becomes very hard to face. They don’t have other option than to make their children work to make income for their family.

I am not agreeing with the fact that many children have to work to make income for their children. While at their age, they suppose to be treated with love and care. Children under 17 years old still have an unstable mind and psychology. They need a formal education to make them ready to face the real life. From formal education at school, they will learn to compete, socialize, and having a responsibility for they own grades. For non-academics skills like organizing, working together, talking to another person and the other soft skills, they can learn it at extra-curricular activity and student organization.

It’s true that many success people have a tough childhood. But compared to another child like them, they just a little part of them who has a big spirit to survive and to become a success person. The other big part will just keep on working on a simple work, and will not develop their creativity. Then as we can see, all of the success person who has a hard childhood has one thing in common. They do business. None of them become a scientist who do research and development to advance the quality of people’s life.

So the conclusion is that I don’t agree if children have to work to make income for their family. For people who don’t have any other option, it is the responsibility of the government to take care of their child.

Help The Children!!

2006-04-28T12:43:00.000+07:00

Nowadays, a lot of people have some thought that children less than 17 years old should be trained to become a paid worker. These thought existed because of some reasons. The most common reason is the number of poverty among the people in our country is increasing pretty badly. To help the home economic, some family even uses their children to find a job that will bring them more income.

I personally disagree with those thoughts. As a man that used to be a child too, i totally respect the children needs in happiness of their childhood. This is because i really think childhood is going to affect someone to become what kind of person they are going to be in their adultness.

Some survey in the internet said that children whose childhood was fulfilled with the love and care from their family is 90% become a successful person when they reach their adultness. They go to well-known universities. They had their own business. And a lot more stories of success people.

On the other hand, people whose childhood was pushed by their parents to become a paid workers, labor workers, or any other job that requires grown-ups ability, is commonly become a criminal or even a gangster. This is because when they were children, they were trained to live in such a tough world.

In conclusion children should be treated with love from their beloved family, because from there, children's character was build. It was all depends on how their parents will treat them. Now how are your children going to be?

The Little Worker

2006-04-28T12:11:00.000+07:00

The Little Worker

Some countries allow the children under 17 to work in the factory. If there isn’t any compulsion, unfair decision and violence behavior from the factory, I think it’s not a bad thing. Part time job is more suitable for them than full time job. The children have less strength than the adult so the factory must give the children less work to do than the adult. The wage should be about the same because of their equal right as workers.

The main reason they work is simple, to keep alive. The basic human needs are food, clothing, and shelter. They must have food to keep alive, so they need money to buy it. Working under age is surely the better way to get money than begging on the street. They can get much experience too. Some people said that it’s wrong because they should go to school. Now I will ask you how if they have no money at all? I can say that we are very lucky to taste the education. The law to take care and give education to the poor is just the government’s empty promise. The fact is that only 10% of the poor given education. How about the other 90%? “I’m sorry I’m very busy,” said the government. Just look into their eyes and you’ll see that they struggle to keep alive.

Let's protect child worker

2006-04-28T11:22:00.000+07:00

Children often play an important part in the economy of poor families. Children in unlucky conditions ( born in poor family, one or both of their parents are gone, etc ) have to work to help their families, to pay for school and even to survive. The contribution of a child's income or labor at home can move a family from hunger to bare sufficiency. Nowaday, many children are trapped. They don’t have any option to earn their livings than working. But, in their daily working activities, they sometimes have to face on abuse and over exploitation. If we can manage how child worker should be, I think letting them continue their working life is better than any other options. The problem is how we manage those children so that they are far from abuse and over exploitation.

First, I want to make clear definition about child worker so that most of people paradigm will be clear. Child worker has always been misgeneralized as a child works on hazardous job. They are completely wrong. There are many jobs

that are safety for children to get involve. For example, selling newspaper, doing household job, and many other non-hazardous jobs.

Working would be better than going to school for those children. Even though, they are funded to get education at school, they will still concern about their poor family. It will cause them drop out from school because they will never seriously study and get education if their families are not helped yet. So, if we want to make them all free from compulsory working activities, we have to spend great amount of money to cover all of those children’ families life. Besides that, working for children could be non-formal education. They can get experience at work, learning and taking responsibility. So, working would be better option.

Child workers have rights. They demand freedom from exploitation, and the opportunity to develop their full potential. Unfortunately, nowaday, many children often get abuse in their working circumstance. But, remember, they have rights like other people to be free from abuse and exploitation. The problem is that children can not defend their rights because they don’t know nothing about that. In addition, there is no policy or law or any organization that protects those children. So, the problem now is more clear that it is not what they should be but how they can continue their life by defending their rights.

Some people regard child worker as completely wrong. They think that children should not work at their age because it will harm the overall growth and development of the child. These people think that children should get full-time formal day schools. Actually, their opinion are not completely true. Maybe, in developed country like USA, they can realize their ‘dream’ by eliminating all child workers and finance them to get education at school. But, it will cause other problems especially to developing country like Indonesia. How can we finance child workers while our country has more difficult crisis to solve? It is harder to eliminate all children workers and finance them to get education at school than let them work while we protect them from abuse and exploitation. What we need to solve this problem is not a great amount of money. What we properly need is specific and regional organizations that can cover those workers and protect them from abuse so that we can let them work while we have not to worry about abuse anymore. For example, every region has those kinds of organization to watch the mobility of child workers. Then, those regional organizations are concentrated to one organization at every country. Finally, each organizations at each countries is concentrated at ILO. I am sure that this multiscale concept will be more efficient to ILO to control every movement on child workers at each countries.

For the conclusion, I will say again that child workers should not be expelled from their previous life as a worker because working could be a form of non-formal education and better than any other options. The problem we face on is abuse and exploitation to those workers. So, for the solution, there should be spesific and regional organizations cooperated with ILO that can cover child workers and protect them from abuse and exploitation. I hope if there are organizations like those, child workers could continue making their working activities as non formal education to get experience, learning and taking responsibility while they are far from abuse and over exploitation.

My Opinion about Child Worker/Labor

2006-04-28T11:19:00.000+07:00

In more industrially-advanced countries, such as United States, United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan, enganging children, especially those under-aged, into work is considered wrong, illegal, and violating children rights. However, in some poorer or developing countries, such as most countries in Africa, India, Bangladesh, and of course Indonesia as well, enganging children into work is still allowed, although the governments give several rules to limit the minimum working age consideration (in Indonesia, the legal minimum working age is 15, but most children enter working environment at age below that) and further exploitation of children. While I agree that employing children into work is not right, considering the condition and reasons why they work, which majority are economic-related, I think children can be and should be allowed to work, at least for this time.

First reason, because only by working, poor children can contribute extra income to their family, where parents' income is not enough to afford daily needs. There are even many cases where working children are the only source of income to their family, because their parents cannot work. Only by working, they can gain money to buy daily food, support their parents, pay housing cost, pay school fee, buy school textbooks, and many more. If they are prohibited to work, then they can say goodbye to their school and education. They will even have hard times only to fill their stomaches.

Second reason, because working in factories, domestic (house) industry, agricultural works, or other informal works are sometimes the only way to gain income in clean way. For children, working in such places, in spite of harsh environment, is much better than gaining money through begging in street, stealing, selling illegal drugs, or worse: prostitution, which obviously have bad reputation.

Third reason, because government has failed to ensure the economic prosperity of its people. Although the Constitution contains many sections about ensuring prosperity of Indonesian people and Indonesian children's right to get proper education, the government cannot apply that in real life, due to heavy economic problems. I think it is wrong if government prohibits children to work without finding solutions, or at least alternative ways, to solve working children phenomenon. If the government wants to issue total ban on exploiting children to work, first of all they must improve live quality of the people and, if necessary, give free (no cost at all) education and school to all children. However, I doubt it will happen soon. The government allocates most of APBN (National Income and Expense Budget) to pay debt, subsidize fuel to people, buy petroleum, and many more, while budget allocation for education is barely less than 10%. We will have to wait for some longer time until government have enough budget and attention to accomplish its obligation to prosper the people and children as well.

And based on arguments above, finally I can conclude that, although employing children into work is immoral in many aspects, like it or not, enganging children into work should be allowed. The main reason for this conlusion is the undebatable "There is no other choice."

Paid Work

2006-04-28T11:14:00.000+07:00

In many countries, paid work is now a common thing. Most of the people work for the money that their company paid for every month. The money that is paid is equal to their position in work or to how important the work they have done for the company.

Some people consider paid work as a valuable work experience for learning and taking responsibility. There are a lot of positions in a company, for example manager position in computer marketing company. When you are a manager, you have to work in its work field; it means the manager’s job is only to manage all of his/her working team to work in order to achieve the successful selling. The manager is have to take responsibility for anything that happen in selling the computer to his/her team and the boss. If there is some miscalculated in counting or one of the team is not working by order or some other systematical and/or random errors in work, the manager is responsible for it. The manage also will learn something like how to manage people, how to make a successful selling, and how to make him/herself calm when there is an accidental event.

Taking responsibility and learning from the case above is needed to make a better life. Responsibility can make a person more trusted by the company to do something more important and also can make him/her placed in higher position that can make his/her life better. The way a person learned to solve cases and problems can be useful to improve the company, because there will be a lot of problems in a big company and it needs a person who is capable to solve it. If the result is satisfying, the company can consider him/her as a good human resource and need to be awarded by placing him/her in higher position or giving bonus through the increase of his/her salary.

So, salary is important to show respect for things that a worker’s done. Also giving salary can improve a person’s life as an award for what has he/she done for the company. From the psychological side, giving salary makes people feel more respected for all skills and experiences he/she has donate for company’s superiority.

My Opinion About Child Worker

2006-04-28T09:58:00.000+07:00

As the inflation starts growing in Indonesia, the prize of daily needs starts rising. Foods, clothes, accommodation, education, energy source, and entertainment, none of it are cheap right now. Everything is expensive. For people with low income, life becomes very hard to face. They don’t have other option than to make their children work to make income for their family.

I am not agreeing with the fact that many children have to work to make income for their children. While at their age, they suppose to be treated with love and care. Children under 17 years old still have an unstable mind and psychology. They need a formal education to make them ready to face the real life. From formal education at school, they will learn to compete, socialize, and having a responsibility for they own grades. For non-academic skills like organizing, working together, talking to another person and the other soft skills, they can learn it at extra-curricular activity and student organization.

It’s true that many success people have a tough childhood. But compared to another child like them, they just a little part of them who has a big spirit to survive and to become a success person. The other big part will just keep on working on a simple work, and will not develop their creativity. Then as we can see, all of the success person who has a hard childhood has one thing in common. They do business. None of them become a scientist who do research and development to advance the quality of people’s life. So, if letting children work is good, why would every country in this world still have formal education? It is because they realize that formal education is the best way to make children a succsess person.

So the conclusion is that I don’t agree if children have to work to make income for their family. For people who don’t have any other option, it is the responsibility of the government to take care of their child.

2006-04-28T09:53:00.000+07:00

The International Labor Organization (ILO) has estimated that 250 million children between the ages of five and fourteen work in developing countries. Sixty-one percent of these are in Asia, 32 percent in Africa, and 7 percent in Latin America. Most working children in rural areas are found in agriculture; many children work as domestics; urban children work in trade and services, with fewer in manufacturing and construction. Of those children, almost three-quarters (171 million) work in hazardous situations and conditions, such as working in mines, working with chemicals and pesticides in agriculture or working with dangerous machinery. This situations need attention of government about their future. This essay will reveal some reasons why government should not allow underage children work. The reasons will include children education, development, the worst form of children labor, and the crimes over them. As a note, the children I mean are in age of five to fourteen years old, and commonly called underage children.

First, in relation with education, children work is not acceptable because they can not focus on their education anymore. Their most time is spent on working while they forget to study. Based on UNICEF statistics, many children do not attend their school because of working. If so, how can the children become educated persons? As we know, an educated person will lead a country and replace old generation position. Furthermore, government program of education will get barrier.

Second, millions of children work to help their families in ways that are neither harmful nor exploitative. But millions more are put to work in ways that drain childhood of all joy-and crush the right to normal physical and mental development. What they do and how they work may affect their development. In other words, they can not enjoy their childhood. I believe, it will give dangerous effect for their future.

Third, let us focus on the worst form of child labor. Children who work long hours, often in dangerous and unhealthy conditions, are exposed to lasting physical and psychological harm. Working at rug looms, for example, has left children disabled with eye damage, lung disease, stunted growth, and a susceptibility to arthritis as they grow older. Children making silk thread in India dip their hands into boiling water that burns and blisters them, breath smoke and fumes from machinery, handle dead worms that cause infections, and guide twisting threads that cut their fingers. Children harvesting sugar cane in El Salvador use machetes to cut cane for up to nine hours a day in the hot sun; injuries to their hands and legs are common and medical care is often not available. All these situations will lead to destruction of children body and future.

Forth,the children have to face many crimes over them. Millions of girls work as domestic servants and unpaid household help and are especially vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. Millions of others work under horrific circumstances. They may be trafficked (1.2 million), forced into debt bondage or other forms of slavery (5.7 million), into prostitution and pornography (1.8 million), into participating in armed conflict (0.3 million) or other illicit activities (0.6 million). If so, they will suffer and have no future anymore.

To conclude, for millions of children, there is no time to be a child. Work fills the day. Two hundred and fifty million children work, and many of them do not attend their school. They do not have the future anymore and get suffered because of working. Therefore, government shoud not allow them to work. Let them enjoy their childhood because to make sure their future is duty of government and society include ours.

Paid Workers

2006-04-28T06:11:00.000+07:00

People usually think that they have to study hard since junior high school until enter the university. Parents often send their child to another country so they can study in better university than in their own country. What is it for actually? They hope that their child can use what they’ve learnt in the university and apply it in their job. Some people sometimes don’t realize what is more important than what we study in university. That is experience. It’s not something that someone will always find in textbook. There are many ways to get experience and become a paid worker is one of them. We can get valuable experience by working.

Becoming a paid worker is one of the ways to get experience. Some people agree with this but some people don’t agree and they even regard this as completely wrong. People think it is wrong because experience is got from what they’ve studied and learnt. Becoming a paid worker will reduce their children’s time to study and make them busier. Parents are afraid that their children will get a bad mark because of their working time. Another people think that becoming a paid worker is an opportunity for their children to get experience and taking responsibility when they work in the future. Based on what I’ve heard until now, some people who worked when they still child or teenager is more success than people who just worked when they have graduated from university. My uncle is one of them. He is a civil engineering, graduated from Institut Teknologi Bandung. Since child, he worked to live himself and he did that until he graduated. Now, he has his own company and he is such a good businessman. Experience, learning, and responsibility that he got make him having a good sense for business.

Real life won’t be that simple and it’s not easy becoming a worker. There will be a good and bad experience. I think becoming a paid worker is the best way to get those experiences and I believe those experience will be used when we work even as an employee or a boss.

Child Labors

2006-04-28T01:34:00.000+07:00

Poverty makes many children lose their childhood. Life forces them to participate to earn more money to finance their family’s necessity. In our beloved country, Indonesia, many little boys or girls have to work in a factory as an unskilled worker or known as a manual laborer. They have to work almost all day. For example, many children spend hours to put on buttons at the ready-made wear factory, lift heavy materials, or other works that supposed to do by adults. Because their time is used for work, they do not have enough time for playing and studying like other kids. It is not fair for children to work to finance their necessity of life because it is not their responsibility, besides they still need much time to play and study.

Work to earn money to finance family’s life is parent’s responsibility, especially fathers. It is also parent’s responsibility to comply their children’s rights to get proper shelter, enough food, well education, and enough love and affection from their parents. Child’s responsibility is to pursue knowledge so they will have foothold in life to improve their future. However, nowadays, many parents exploit their children to earn additional money whereas they have not done maximal effort to get money. For example, they had their children work at a factory all day, while they just work as gardener for four hours a day. Or even worse, they just stay at home and do nothing productive. In my opinion, it is such a juvenile delinquency. As a matter of fact, there are constitutions that protect children’s rights, include when their parents cannot fulfill their primary necessity or neglect them. The constitution regulate neglected children are state’s responsibility. So, there is no reason to put children to work to finance their lives, because they do not have responsibility on it.

Some people think working is good for children because they consider working as valuable experience or place for learning about responsibility. But experience and responsibility lesson is not only can be get from paid work. We can get it by taking part of an organization or committee. Organization and committee are more suitable place for children than in a factory as a labor, which give top priority to money than work experience because children have not had enough skills to work. Besides, according to psychology, the factory’s surroundings is not good for children because they do not belong there. They will learn too much about life at their young age, more than it should be. So, work surroundings is not suitable for children. There are places that more suitable for them to get experience and responsibility lesson than at work.

In conclusion, it is not supposed to engage children in kind of paid work because it is not their responsibility to finance their life, it is their parent’s or state’s responsibility. They also still need more time to study and play in accordance with their age. So, work surroundings is not the most suitable place for them. Their place is at school or other place where they can learn and pursue knowledge for their future.

Innocent Workers

2006-04-27T23:34:00.001+07:00

In many countries, children are engaged in some kind of paid work. Some people regard this as completely wrong, while others consider it as valuable work experience that is important for learning and taking responsibilities. According to the thoughts I have about this, it is wrong to employ under-age children. I call this "ill-legal". Why? Because only people with sick-mind who employs children that are in fragile period. Children, who have age under-17, need only affection and love from their parents and family. They need this in order to make the growth of their mind perfect and balance. They should not have even do not have to bear responsibilities for making a living. Though they have to be prepared for that, but it has to be passed step by step to get them ready to face what the life really is. Some people think, it is crucial to earn experience at young age. but I dont think so because of the unstable mind that children have. It is more likely that they are just being "used" for not knowing what the exact purpose why they are working is. They can earn experience in education first, work later. The function of the education is to complete the mind growth. For the example, when they get the salary or the money they have been working for, they would not know what to do with the money. Whether just spend it for that day or use it responsibly and save the rest for the next day. Only the smart and the critical one who would choose the second option and this is where the education takes part. In conclusion, it is wrong to make children work for their own living at young age. We need to educate them first and employing children at youn age is "ill-legal", though in certain condition it is an option that you can not run from. But still, educating them is needed to be given by any chance to set them ready for continuing their life and bring it to the next level, the complicated one.

Innocent Workers

2006-04-27T23:34:00.000+07:00

child worker

2006-04-27T22:45:00.000+07:00

In our daily life, we can see withour own eyes that there are many children working adult job at their childhood. For example we can see some children selling donut in our campus area, and there're even more we can see in street. We maybe sometime asking ourself, why would they do 'things' that they not supposed not to do yet and not going to school ?
There are many reasons behind their story behind their story. Most of the reason is because their parents could not support them to go to school and their family is needing money to survive.

Many people disagree and cannot accept the reason. They think it was totally the parents responsiblity and if the parents cannot support them, then the government should. They consider that 'child as a worker' is bad for the child's physcology, beside they would make they losing their childhood
They view are not completely right!

As we can see their reason, we can concsider the circumstances leaves no better option for the parents nor the child. Eventhough there's already a law about this, th e government still not yet able to maintain all this kind of problems. Considering this, then we should able to accept the circumstances.

I agree if children were allowed to work. It is because they have don't have enough knowledge, and their thinking patterns were developing, so it is time for them to learn in real lesson about life. Usually, children develop their ability, knowledge and their social knowledge through school, but because their parents cannot support them to go to school.For example: my father don't go to school when he was a child. He was a worker since he was a child at age about 10. However without through the formal study, he can manage to get all the knowledge and the ability neccesary in the real life from the job he done.

In conclusion, we cannot that there're many children which having no other option beside becoming a worker in their age. But as a child, they still should have some different treatment than the adult worker.

Working Children

2006-04-27T22:13:00.000+07:00

Nowadays, having children as a new source of getting workers is no a new case. Most of Asian countries have children as their labourers. Based on my, people can be considered as children are those whose age about 6 - 14 years old. That is why in my opinion, I totally disagree if children must work for several reasons.
First, they are still growing in physical sector. They can still can get taller and taller. Besides that, there are some parts of the body that are developing. When children has to work as labourers in some factories, they must carry heavy things from one place to another place. It indirectly prohibits their physical growth.
Second, they are still in a procces of plying and learning. At their age, children seem like toplay around. That makes them not serious doing the jobs when they have to work. Besides that, at heir age, they receive something new easily. That is why children would be better to have some educations, such as going to school and other courses, to fullfill their brain with knowledges and skills.
Third, they are not capable in taking responsibilities of their duties. They do not have enough ability to differ the right with the wrong one. It makes them difficult for them to make a good decision becaus they lack of knowledge.
The last reason is that our country, Indonesia, have the law that forbades children from working in factories or offices. In Indonesia, it is illegal to recruit children under age as workers although they have skills.

My Opinion About Children for Working

2006-04-27T21:51:00.000+07:00

I agree with the opinion that children are allowed to do job. This is not because they will earn some money, but the more important is the work experince they get. There are several reasons why obtaining work experience is necessary. First of all, this essential matter cannot be obtain by children everywhere, even from home, school or other same kind of place that only teaching material which most of it are unnecessary for child's future. The second one, most of the companies in Indonesia need work experience as the requirement nowadays. So, by work sooner, more experience will they get and more the chances for being qualified. The last one is without work experience everyone will get stressed and nervous when they are working. Hence, this matter will prove to be fatal, because it will cause many careless mistakes and at last will yield with salary reduction or even worse being fired. So, If you have a children and don't want this kind of thing happen to them, then you absolutely must allow them to work.

CHILD AS A WORKER

2006-04-27T15:00:00.003+07:00

First, we must know the different between child worker and child who works. Child who works still have time to play with his/her friends, to learn and improve his/her knowledge. He/she not exploitated, but child worker do not have time for such things like that,he/she must work to survive, maybe his/her income become the only one income for the family, and sometimes that child were exploitated.

If we talk about child worker, we must know in this globalization ages, free trades become demands from the developed countries. They want to increase their income as much as they can, and they do not care with the effect to the under developed or developing countries. As we know, this such countries do not have enough protection to their comodity and product so there will be mass of incoming product or worker from the developed countries which has more quality. This will make the economy of developing and under developing countries will chaos and finally controlled by developing countries. This condition has happen in Africa.
In this hard economic condition, child worker become unseparatable things, this is must not allowed. There are some reason for this.
1.The children can be exploitated, children can be forced by their employer to work hard with minimun paid because their still children, they just agree with their employer about payment. All of the benefits just will enjoyed by the employee.
2.The children can be trapped into dark world, they can be forced in prostitution or become criminal because they have no other choice. They do not have enough power to strikes back because they still a child
3.They do not get sufficient education, this is because almost of their time is dedicated to work. They do not have time to learn either money to pay the school. Their future can be nothing.

Different with that, child who works do not have exploitation elements so they still can learn and play although maybe not with normally like the other who not work.This child work to help their family or just looking experience not as the barebone or income. In this situation it is not matter to le them work, infact they can learn how they can life in the real world and improve their experience. Their attitude can mature and more ready to face the world.

We can not just judge about worker child without knowing about the real situation. If they work without any exploitation so it will no matter, but if they work under exploitation it must be stopped.

under-age worker

2006-04-27T15:00:00.002+07:00

Since industrial revolution in England a century ago, the available of under-age workers always being a hot issue in employment. Even today, although the government restriction for using under-age workers, there are a lot of company using them especially for work-class. One side said that they need to spend their childhood in a manner way while other side’s mainframe said that they need money for living in a manner way. This essay will describe both of its advantage, disadvantage, and also its solution.

In my country, Indonesia, under-age workers are a natural phenomena. As a developing country, high number of population and its growth make a simply problem called poverty. Other side, we need to strengthen our industrial side which means a rapid growth of industry. Most of the industry are a small and middle class industry, which can not afford much worker, such as labor, with high wages. These two main reason explain why under-age workers always be a natural phenomena especially in developing countries. Under-age workers become an answer in industrial need for cheap workers. Moreover, there are some people who gain success as they start to work as under-age worker. Some people consider it is a valuable work experience for being an under-age worker. Furthermore, those people said that work as under-age worker was important for learning and taking responsibility.

In other side, in psychological point of view, every children has to spend their childhood in a manner way. Playing and studying in school are such thing that every children should has. Those kind of activity make their mentality such as social attitude better. In other ways, education makes human be a human. That is why every countries in this world make rules for their citizen for having an education in school. For example, in Indonesia, people have to study in school for nine years. Furthermore, those countries are restricting under-age workers too. Furthermore, in fact, most of under-age workers do not have any special ability. Most of them work as labor. This kind of work does not give enough space for learning or taking responsibility. Only few person gain success from this way. Most of them spend the rest of their life as a labor with low-income. It is all because they do not have any special ability as their attitude, way to thinking, and behavior do not develop as well as those person who get a manner way to spend their childhood. They do not gain enough experience yet valuable.

From explanation above, we easily conclude that children should not be a under-age worker especially labor. Even for fulfilling their living need. Children do not have to work for living. Their parents do. If their parents can not fulfilling their needs, due to the nation and united nation regulation, they could have donation from government, united nation, etc.

My opinion about working children

2006-04-27T15:00:00.000+07:00

Before I give my opinion about working children, let us determine the meaning of "children" first. For me, child is person whose age is about 6-13 years old. Above that (about 14-19 years old) I call him\her a teenager. Older than that age, that person is an adult.
Base on the meaning of children, I don't agree if children allow to work and I have many reasons for my opinion.The first one is the children "should play and study"- a very old advice from our ancestor-. Yes, childhood is the time when everyone should happy and have nothing to be worried or be stressed, and having them work will make they lost their happiness. A child without happiness usually will grow to be a bad man or even a criminal.
The second one is they still do not have the feeling of responsibility. It means that they will work as they like. As a result, they will make many accidents occur because they do not obey the regulations. The tiniest accident that will occur is the work is not completely finished. The worst accident is they can make themselves and other people in danger (this one will occur if the children work on a factory or something like that). This one is supported by the fact that a child does not have enough training or knowledge.
The last one is that our country prohibits children to work. So, if they work they can be categorized as "criminals" and can be jailed (fortunately, it never happens until now).
Anyway, we cannot stop working children until now no matter how much our effort. The economic crisis that we have faced since 1997 still exist and make many families become poor and poverty. In difficult conditions, food is more important than the happiness of the children or their future. I just hope that someday, there is no child that has to work to get food for his\her family or for himself\herself.

Working children according to their age

2006-04-26T10:39:00.000+07:00

Children which engage in work is wrong, but not completely wrong. First, we must determine the age of children according to their capability to work. Let we say that children is person which his age is between 5-17 years old. And we divide that age into age 5-14 and age 14-17 according to their capability to work.

In the age 5-14, children should not work. There are several reasons why they not allowed to work. First, they can’t take responsibility because their thinking pattern is not yet developed, so they can make good and wise decision. If children have responsibility in work, they can create danger to themselves and other people which work is related to the children’s job. Let’s we take example, about children who work in a factory as an machine operator, sometimes he is sad because his employer was angry with him because he can not finish the company’s target. Because he so sad, he forget to do what he should do. We can imagine if occur an accident, the machine is damage and burn, whole employee in that factory will be the victim. It is very dangerous. The next is, they should use their time to learn basic principles for living and still need a necessity of love from their parents. The main reason why children in that age should not to work, it is because their mental is still unstable. They can not accept pressure and stress. They are naturally doing what they like and do not like order from other people. And if they had trauma in their child time, it will affect their mental development.

I agree if children were allowed to work in age 14-17. It is because they have enough knowledge, and their thinking patterns were developing, so it is time for them to learn in real lesson about life. Mainly, children at this age can difference between right and wrong. So they can take responsibility and make a good decision. And they are ready to accept pressure and stress and also face various kinds of people. Most of people consider children at this age have reach mature or baligh. Most if children who work in this age have a valuable experience and a better responsibility and personality compared by other children at this age which is not work.

Mainly, children must not work, especially children in age 5-14. Because they not yet able to take a responsibility in a job. Children in age 14-17 were able and can be allowed to work if they want to because, in that age they relatively ready to take a job and responsibilities. Of course, children in that age must work in suitable job for them according to their capabilities. But in some rare case, children in the age 5-14 were allowed to work for their living if their parents was died or gone.

How to take care of your soft-top car

2006-03-24T19:11:00.000+07:00

If you drive a car whose convertible top, You have to take care of soft-top condition in order to keep it in a good condition. That is why I suggest you some steps. First, clean the soft-top using warm water, then wash it using soft soap. You can make it with mixture of two cups soap and 10 litre water . You should use soft brush, then start to brush it from front to back and do not press hard. Wash off again with water until it is really clean away from soap. Last, dry it by insinuating or trying to prevent from sunbeam directly. Beside them, you should not forget enviromental effect. You are not suggested to spray with high pressured water. Finally, by following step by step, you can take care of your soft-top car wisely.

How to make a glass of milk

2006-03-24T11:44:00.000+07:00

Here are steps to make a glass of milk. First, put the milk to your glass. You can add sugar and a little coffee if you want. Then, pour 200 cc of hot water. Stir it well using spoon. Now, your milk is ready to drink. You can drink a glass of milk and eat bread for your breakfast. Have a nice breakfast!

How to Make Compost From Your Household Organic Waste

2006-03-24T08:45:00.000+07:00

You can reduce your household organic waste by change it into compost that can be used to fertilize your plants. The steps are so simple. First, you need a plastic barrel. Make several holes at the bottom and around the barrel. The holes are needed to give enough air to execute process inside the barrel. Next, chop the organic waste and blend it with soil. Pour it into the barrel then give enough water. To accelerate the process, you can turn the soil repeatedly every few days. You can also add bacteria that you can buy at store. Do not forget to add water every day. After ten to fifteen days, you can reap your compost then you can use it for your plants.

An Invisible Hand

2006-03-24T03:13:00.000+07:00

Although raising other's hands without touching them is illogical, there are several steps that you can do to create 'an invisible hand' to make it happen. The most important thing before doing these following directions is that you must be sure that you are able to do this action. Once you believe that it is imposible or useless to do, it will never happen. First, It requires at least two people (for example : you and your friend). Both of you must be relax and comfortable. Then, face each other. You makes a position as if you will pull a rope and your friend sits with hands on thigh. Next, imagine that there is a rope that ties your friend's hands. Pull 'the rope'. While pulling 'the rope', you say silently : "Up, up, up!". Suddenly, if you did it correctly, you will see that your friend's hands are lifted slowly from his/her thigh. Your friend has to keep calm and feel the force that is lifting his/her hands up (don't restrain it). Finally, keep pulling the rope until your friend's hands are parallel with his/her shoulder. If you practice a lot, you can do it with a lot of people. You will see how fun and amazing that you are able to lift their hands up with your invisible hand.

Get connected with Friendster!

2006-03-24T00:19:00.000+07:00

It is so easy to make a profile in Friendster.

All you have to do is follow these steps.

Fisrt thing you have to know, Friendster requires an email address. This is very important, in case something happens with your profile in Friendster, Friendster can mail you right away.

Now it is time to sign up a profile in Friendster.

Go to www.friendster.com and choose the "Join" option.

You will see an application form in the next page.

Fill all the blank space.

If you have filled all the blank space, click the "Register" tabs.

Now you have already got a Friendster profile.

To complete the steps, you need to verify your email address, so Friendster can inform anything that happens with your profile.

Open you email, and you will see an email from Friendster.

Follow the instruction, and now your email have been verified.

Next step is to inform all your friends that you have a new Friendster profile.

You can do this thing in Friendster.

Choose the “Tell Friends” tabs, and write down all your friend’s email addresses.

This way, your friends will notice that you have made a new Friendster profile, so they can add you as their friends.

Now it is your turn to add as many friends you can find in Friendster.

Making a Phone Call

2006-03-23T23:57:00.000+07:00

Here are steps to make a phone call to your friend by your own cellular phone. First of all, your phone must be switched on. Then, enter your friend's number you want to call and press the Call key to dial. After that, wait until he or she pick him or her phone up (it is usually signed by a tone). Finally, you can talk to your friend freely. After you make some conversations, press the End key and the call will ended. If you will redial your friend you just called, just press the Call key once more (or you can press the Redial key if it is available) and repeat from the third step.

How to make a pogram

2006-03-23T23:56:00.000+07:00

Actually the process for making a pogram is not too hard. First of all, you must decide which pogram you will make. For the second step, you should think about the pogram algorithm. Then, write the algorithm code in Computer. After the algorithm is clear, you can design the pogram interface to make the pogram better and easier in use. Next, you absolutely must test the pogram whether it work or not. If it doesn't work well, then you must fix it. For hint, usually the errors are in the algorithm code. Finally, after the errors are solved, the pogram is ready to serve its purpose.

How to make a plan

2006-03-23T23:44:00.000+07:00

It is a simple thing to make a plan for your team. SWOT analysis is the best method to help you make a plan. SWOT stands for strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors. Opportunities and threats are external factors. The first step is to make a list of your team strength. For example, if your team contains a lot of person with good attitude, smart, and superb teamwork, it is your team advantages and strength. Next, you should make a list of your team weakness. A bad communication in your team, your team's limited money,etc are examples for kind of weakness. Then, you should search and be sensitive for any opportunities. You should make a list of any opportunities your team could take. In this case, your team's intuition and proactiveness is needed. Your team should pick an opportunities which your team is capable to solve. Your strength and weakness list will help you to make a decision. The last thing you must prepare is threats. You should make a list of any threats and problems your team could meet. Your team should try to solve those problems before your team meets them in the reality. After you have finished building a master-plan, you can run your team easily now.

How to make a cool milk.

2006-03-23T23:33:00.000+07:00

It requires several steps to make ready-to-serve cool milk. The first step is to prepare a 300 ml cup. Add three spoons of instant milk, and two teaspoons of white sugar. Pour hot water until it reaches half of the cup. Do not pour water more than half of the cup, or you will get hot milk rather than cool milk. Stir the mixture until all of the milk and the sugar dissolves. After you do all of those steps, now it depends on your taste. If you want to make really cool milk, add a lot of ice cubes to the cup until it reaches 75 percent of the cup. If want to make a pretty cool milk, pour a little of cool water to the cup, then add three to four ice cubes. The idea is not to make the cup full, so the taste will not become too sweet, but not tasteless either. With those steps you can easily make a delicious ready-to-serve cool milk.

How to Make an Omelet

2006-03-23T22:58:00.000+07:00

Omelet is easy to make. First, you need a flat pan, an egg or two, some cheese blocks and some mushrooms. Break the egg in a bowl, and add two teaspoon of salt. After that, mix them until they are completely mixed. While you are heating the oil, cut mushrooms and the cheese blocks into pieces. After the oil heated up, fried the mushrooms and the egg until it is half done. Next, put the cheese blocks on the fried egg and let them melt. Finally, fold the egg in half and the omelet is ready to be served.

Mood Ring

2006-03-23T22:55:00.000+07:00

Mood ring, something that can show your mood while wearing it, actually indicates physical reaction beyond your control to express your emotional condition. First, it detects your body heat. The crystal molecules inside the ring are very sensitive because it is made from thermotropic liquid crystal. Before it shows the color of your mood, the heat it received makes the crystal changes its position or rotates. Then, the heat changing influence the length of light wave it absorped or reflected. After that, the crystal produces certain color indicating your mood.

Hot Fried Rice in minutes

2006-03-23T22:24:00.000+07:00

Here are some steps to cook fried rice. The firsr thing you must do is heat a wok or large skillet over high heat.After that, add a little oil and wait a few moments for it to heat up. While you are waiting for the heated oil, break the eggs into the wok and mix quickly to scramble. After you finish scrambling it, remove it and chop it into small pieces or strips so that you can eat it easily. Then, wipe out the wok and add a little more oil. Wait for it to heat. Take some rice and break it up with your hands so that each grain is separate. After you do that, put the rice into the wok. Move the rice quickly around the hot pan by putting your spoon or spatula under the rice and turning it over. After you wait it for a minute or so, add some sliced carrots and move them about the pan with the rice. After you do it for 2 minutes, add the scallions, egg and meat, if you use them as ingredients. Next, season the rice with salt or soy sauce once the ingredients are well-mixed. Cook another minute or until everything is heated through. Finally, remove from heat and a hot fried rice is ready to serve.

Heading the Ball

2006-03-23T22:13:00.000+07:00

A soccer player should know the technique of hitting the ball by head and it is not

so hard to try. First, make sure that the coming ball is able to reach by your head. If the

ball is too high for you, you could jump to reach it. Then, try to pull your head back from

the coming ball. When the ball is near, hit the ball by the flat area of your forehead. It

is important to use your forehead, because if we use other parts of head, it could be

damaged. Next step is controlling your ball direction. If you aim the ball to the ground,

you have to hit the upper side of the ball. After knowing the technique of heading the ball,

try to practice it first before playing a match game.

Making a paragraph

2006-03-23T21:36:00.000+07:00

A good paragraph is a paragraph which able to communicate a writer’s ideas, thoughts, feelings to the reader, so that the reader would understand what the writer trying to say. In order to make a good paragraph, a writer have to master some writing skills which is useful and able to make the paragraph develop. To make these skills works, the writer need to follow some significant steps. First, when before making the writing, you must make the purpose of what you’re writing and what you want to achieve as result from the writing. Then you must also consider who is going to read the paragraph, so you can make the appropriate paragraph. Next, you must make a writing task which is consist of all essential ideas. These ideas should be logical and can be accepted by the readers.
After all of that, you can start to write, but always remember to see the writing task you’ve made. This will make you able to keep the paragraph relevant to the paragraph purpose and topic.
After the paragraph is completed, there’s one more step you shouldn’t miss. This step is the editing section. First you must read the paragraph through once again, then ask yourself if the paragraph fit the purpose you’ve made before, and also see if all the necessary points you’ve made in the writing task are included there. Also see if there’re any sentence which is not related with the topic. Next, you should rewrite any parts of the paragraph you are unhappy about. After that re-check again the paragraph and do the editing section again until you feel the paragraph is perfect.

How to Bake Cakes

2006-03-23T21:23:00.000+07:00

How to Bake Cakes

Before you bake cakes, prepare the ingredients like flour, sugar, eggs, butter, and baking soda. Then prepare the utensils like mixer, oven, and baking pan. First mix sugar, eggs, and butter with mixer until it become smooth dough. Next slow down the mixer speed, add the flour, baking soda and melted butter. Keep mix it with slow speed until the dough become really smooth while you heat the oven. If you want to add chocolate, vanilla or other flavor, mix them now. After that put the dough in the baking pan, insert it to the hot oven. Toast it for about 30-45 minutes depend on how much the dough you have made. Serve it with cream, strawberries, cheese, jam depend on your own taste. Have a nice meal!

Karate

2006-03-23T20:22:00.000+07:00

In karate, there are several rituals that must be done before we start training. The rituals must be done correctly based on its proper order. The first step is shouting the karateka's oaths. There are 5 karateka's oaths. We must shout it before we start training. They remind us to keep our dignity as a karateka. Second is praying. We pray individually, in our own religion. We ask for protection during the training to God. Next is bowing. We bow to our country and the karate association in our country(FORKI in Indonesia); to senpai or coach(the coach bows to us too); and to dojo or the place in which we train and to the other karateka. We show our respect to these three elements of karate. For the dojo, we should bow before we enter and when we want to go out from it. The last step is warming up. Warming up is important. We can minimalize the risk of being injured during training by warming up. Except the last step, we can do the other rituals both stand or kneel. After doing these rituals, we are ready to start training.

how to get an idea

2006-03-23T18:42:00.000+07:00

According to J. W. Young, there are five steps to look for an idea to solve a problem. Although these steps can not always guarantee a success, we may try to use them because it will make our search for an idea easier. First, we have to understand in general the problem that we want to solve. Find and gather knowledges or facts about the problem by reading books, considering our experience, asking experts, etc. Secondly, make a list of the fact that we get and then the problem that we want to solve in detail. Next, check, compare and revise the list and then study them. Somehow, the idea which we are looking for will come up. After we have got the idea, the last step is to bring our idea into the reality. Consider if the idea can be realized or not. Find another idea with the same steps if we think that the first is impossible to be realized. By following those steps, our search for an idea will be easier.

removing brontox

2006-03-23T17:40:00.000+07:00

Brontox virus has infiltrated computers recently. Even though, the antivirus is already available, there’s another way to remove the brontox virus. First, you have to turn off the system restore windows in control panel. Then, run regedit and delete the bron-spizaetus file in hkey local machine and tok-cirrhatus in hkey current user. The next thing you have to do is open the scheduled task in control panel and remove all files that have any connection to the virus. Then, open the folder option in control panel and choose show the hidden files and folder command, hide extension, and hide protected operating system command. Next, you must search all files that have possibility of virus. Those files have characteristics like the size that 80 kb exactly and the extension of those files are *exe, *pif, *com, *bat. For the finishing, delete the entire virus in account profile. When you restart the computer, the virus should be gone. If the virus is still infected, then use the antivirus.

How Snow Gun Works

2006-03-23T17:35:00.000+07:00

These days, skiing and other snow sport activities become popular in many countries. But the problem is that the snow does not always available. The sport totally depend on the weather. Therefore, human build snow gun in order to provide an artificial snow. Snow gun works in several steps. First, we put water an compressed air together to atomizes water into droplets. Then the droplets form ice crystals. Next the ice crystals put into lower temperature that is below 30 F to form the snow. To help the process, sometimes additional nucleators were put. The most common one is caller Snowmax, which is good in attracting water molecules. That is how the simplest snow gun works.

Economical Scholarship

2006-03-23T15:32:00.001+07:00

Applying economical scholarship through LPKM ITB, depatrtment in ITB that link the students to any organizations that provide scholarship, can easily be done by following the steps bellow. First thing that you have got to do is to request the economical scholarship form to LPKM. After that you have to fill the form honestly. The form contain three pages. The first page contains things that you have to enclose when you submit the form to LPKM such as photos, copy of transcript, copy of identity card, and copy of family card. The second page contains identity, monetary condition, and signatures. You have to fill any information ask on the second page before asking signatures from your father, your friend, your guidance lecturer, and finally the leader of your department. The required signatures I mentioned before is already arranged orderly. To get the last signature, you have to complete the third page first. The third page contains family's monetary background, signed by applicant's village government, showing that you really need the scholarship. When the third page has already been completed, you then can ask your department leader to sign up the second page, but do not forget to enclose the requirements mentioned on the first page and also the third page. When you have already completed the form, you have to send it back to LPKM office. You will be interviewed by the LPKM officer. Then the officer will tell you that you have to be waiting for the scholarship announcement. That way, if you lucky enough and surely fulfill all the conditions, you will see your name on the announcement stating that you are elligible to get the scholarship.

How to Dispose a Computer

2006-03-23T15:32:00.000+07:00

How to dispose a computer

Disposing a computer can not be done in rough way, like burning or just leave it without any safety treat in the landfill. Because, a computer contains many dangerous material, like heavy metal and toxic chemical compound. These materials can cause a bad effect to human and surrounding environment. This is a simple way to dispose a computer with safety treat. First, we have to separate the computer into few simple components. This could be done by opening the screw and remove softly the harddisk, power supply, transformator, cd-rom, etc. Next, is assembling the same component into one group. Like assembling cables into one group. In this step, we also separate the toxic component and Non-toxic component. Non-toxic component is plastic, iron, cables, etc. The toxic component is a component which contain dangerous material, such as electrolyte compound, heavy metal, Nickel, Cadmium, and Hidrargyrum. After we assemble the component, next step is put the assembled components into a container. These containers are based on the type and kind of the material. Like, put the non-toxic component into one box. Do this step carefully to toxic component, like put it into a box which safe enough to prevent it from polluting the environment. Finally we can dispose a computer with a safe way which can reduce the harm of computer materials to the surrounding environment.

How to Make Rendang

2006-03-23T14:25:00.001+07:00

Since rendang is popular food,so I want to tell you how to make it. First, of course you need to prepare all the ingredients and tools to cook it. You need meat (usually cow meat) and coconut milk as the main ingredients. While the spices are salt,pepper,chili,tamarind and others that you think will make it more delicious. The tools are knive, a big-wide pan and mixer-spoon. Cut meat into many small pieces then wash it. Then, mix it with coconut milk and pour its into the pan. Also pour all the spices into pan. The last step is cooking it until all the coconut milk vaporize. This process take a long time since you use about 3-5 liter of coconut milk (usually for 2-3 hours). Do not forget to stir while it is cooked.Finaly, your rendang will ready to be served to guests or be ate by yourself. Just a hint; if you not patient enough to wait, just try half-cooked rendang.It 's taste is similarly to full-cooked one.

Tattoo's making process

2006-03-23T10:41:00.000+07:00

There are two kinds ot tattoo, temporary tattoo and the permanent one. In this case, we will talk about permanent tattoo and the making process. If you want to have a tattoo figure painted in your body, it will be better to come to a tattoo booth and have an expert made it for you. You can't just do it by your self at home, because if you do not know the secure way to do it you will get injured.
In the tattoo booth, first you will be asked for the figure you want to have it designed in your body. Next, the tattoo designer ( I do not really know what they are usually called) made a pattern of the figure you have choosen by a pen in such an oily paper and stick it into the place you want have it painted so there will be a pattern printed in your skin. After the pattern is printed in your skin, the tattoo designer will start to make a tattoo by a tattoo machine that consists of a needle that will be injected to your skin by a special speed followthrough the pattern that has been printed. After the painting process finished, the tattoo designer will wrap your skin by plastic to avoid your skin from infection.That is the last step of tattoo's making process, but the process is a little hurt. So make up your mind before you desided to have a permanent tattoo.

Grafting and How to Do It (Process Paragraph)

2006-03-22T19:34:00.000+07:00

If you want to "attach" a positive trait of a tree into another tree, then this grafting (also known as menempel in Indonesia) method I learned in my Biology practice will be very useful. First of all, prepare a tree (from here on will be called "father") which is usually a tree with good physical trait such as strong root, trunk, and stem, but produces poor quality fruits. Then prepare a tree (let's call this as "mother") with economically valuable traits, usually a tree that produces delicious fruits, but has weak body. One important thing to remember: both trees must be closely related, such as come from the same genus. Then, make sure you have a sharp knife and thin ropes. After all the preparations are done, we are ready to graft. First, make a vertical slice at the bud of "father" (at the stem) until you can see a layer of cambium. Do it very carefully so that you will only make a lip-like slice without cutting the entire bud. After that, choose a young bud from "mother", cut it, and take it. Ensure that you cut the bud together with the cambium behind it. Next, attach the bud cut into the slice we made earlier at the "father's" stem and arrange them so that cambium from both will contact and stick each other. And for the finishing touch, bind them together with ropes. As the time flows, the bud will grow and develop into branch similar with the "mother" and produces sweet fruits as it does. In the end, we will get a strong tree with delicious fruits, which are positive traits of its "parents".

The Carelessness of people bring disaster

2006-03-17T09:17:00.000+07:00

Nowadays, people just don't seem to care about the environment. For example, air pollution. Everyone just ride their cars and smoke everywhere without caring about the air. Because of that, the air become dirtier by time to time. Next, the atmosphere become darker, keep the light to get in and out from the earth. It result with Heating inside the atmosphere that known as the "Glass House Effect phenomenon" . In the end, it create Global Warming which is full of potential disaster such as the melting of the ice in north pole that can make sea level ascension.

How Hurricanes Form

2006-03-17T06:32:00.000+07:00

As we know, United States is often hit by hurricanes. Most hurricanes that hit the United States begin either in the Caribbean, Atlantic, or the coast of Africa. The warm water of the tropics, the atmosphere which laden with moisture, and water temperature about 80 degrees Fahrenheit (26.5 Celsius) produces an energy to form a hurricane. In the beginning, a disturbance forms in the atmosphere. Because of pressure distinction, it was developing into an area of low atmospheric pressure. The ocean feeds warmth and moisture into the developing storm, providing energy that causes the warm air in the center to rise faster. It condenses high in the atmosphere. As a result, thunderstorms are created. If condition is favorable, a tropical depression develops into a tropical storm, then finally into a hurricane. As rising air in the storm’s center condenses, it produces heat, forcing it to rise even faster.

Bandung's Air Temperature

2006-03-17T00:38:00.000+07:00

Nowadays, Bandung's air temperature is not so friendly anymore. It has become hotter in the last five years because of some reasons. But, I think, the main reason is the increasing of the number of private and public transportation. With so many cars and motorcycles on Bandung's roads, air pollution becomes higher and finally, this city's air temperature rises up. On a traffic jam, this is become worst. The air temperature maybe could reach 40 C. This bad temperature is not good for human health, especially for skin and metabolism.

Water Pollution

2006-03-16T23:40:00.001+07:00

The water pollution caused by industrial factory waste causes a lot of negative effects. People who live on a traditional village are in a high-risk of getting poisoned by the water they are consuming. Especially for the village which is located near an industrial factory. So a clean and ready to use water has become very hard to find. Not only humans, animals and plants get those negative effects too, especially those who lives in the water. A dead fish are often found in polluted river. Even a ground animal can be poisoned if they drink water from a polluted river.

Safety In The Chemical Industry

2006-03-16T23:34:00.000+07:00

For some several decades, the steps of making a chemical industry have much improved. There're three most important aspects which we should concern if we're making a chemical industry. They're profit of the process, efficiency and safety in operating the system. The most improved aspect which we can see these days is safety. In the old days, safety is one of the aspect that sometime being neglected, because the effect ussually do not appear in a short time, besides to make a more safe operation would cost more money to have the technology. The neglected safety cause the accident often happen in the industry.
The improved safety in the chemical industry cause the improvement safety of the worker is much better and number of accident happen to the worker in the industry would decrease . As the result for the environment, the improved safety makes the industry creates less polution. Less polution means that we have a better and healthy environment. As time goes on, the improvement will continue and it gives a better living for us a better in the future.

Deadly thing that kills us slowly but surely

2006-03-16T23:30:00.000+07:00

Smoking has many bad effects to us. People who smoke die earlier than those who don't smoke. About 400,000 people die every year from illnesses caused by smoking. The risk of disease increases if you smoke a lot, inhale deeply, or have smoked many years. The long-term problems of smoking are cancer, heart and blood vessel disease, lung disease and the risk of having a miscarriage for the women. Smoking may play a role in 40% of all cancers. Lung cancer is the most common kind of cancer caused by smoking. Smokers also have a higher risk of getting cancer of the lips, mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, kidney, pancreas, bladder and skin. The nicotine in the tobacco causes an increase in your heart rate and blood pressure. The arteries in your arms and legs tighten and narrow due to the nicotine in cigarette. This poisonous chemical also increases blood clotting and may damage the lining of your heart's arteries and other blood vessel. This may make you suffer from a stroke. Besides that, the more cigarettes you smoke, the greater is the risk of heart attack. Many smokers are at greater risk of getting lung diseases like cough, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia and other lung infections because of the chemicals in smoke. These chemicals harm the cilia that line the lungs and help remove dirt and waste products. Depending on how much you smoke, your lungs become "dirty" instead of healthy. The risk of having a miscarriage or a stillborn baby is higher for the women who are pregnant and a smoker. Babies born to smoking mothers often have lower birth weights. Smoking women may also have a harder time getting pregnant. Actually, all of those bad effects will not occur by the first time we smoke. It is just like saving the poisonous matters. We will fell the effects by the the time when those "savings" become bigger and bigger. Lastly, it will kill those who have the biggest "savings" slowly but surely.

Tornado Alert

2006-03-16T23:24:00.000+07:00

Tornado is one of the most destructive disasters in the world, because it destroys anything. This has had a number of different effects. The tornado moves along the Earth and destroys anything in its way, like houses and farms. The speed of the tornado is dangerous because of its rotation is consequently fast. It can move faster then trains does and blow away people and livestock. The effects are not only more homeless and jobless people, but also starvation because of the shattered farms. It strength can demolish even a strong building structure and the debris can damage the surroundings.

Why Chris John becomes a winner but the Rambing's don't

2006-03-16T23:20:00.000+07:00

There are several factors why Chris John becomes a world champion but the Rambing's, which is a boxer family, don't. First, Chris John is a hard-worker. He always accomplish the training-menu while the Rambing's don't. For example, when their coach told them to run to a place, Chris John run for more than 10 km while the Rambing's use a public bus to get the place. Consequently, Chris John has better stamina and strength than the Rambing's. Next, Chris John is very dicipline to take care of his body. He never smoke or drink alcohol. But the Rambing's get drunk every week, especially after their winning. Because of this, Chris John always fight with his peak-performance while the Rambing's get their performance decreasing rapidly in every fight. At last, we can conclude that to be a champion people need a winning character, more than talent or family history.

You Can't Run But You Can Hide

2006-03-16T22:32:00.000+07:00

Why we are not allowed to run during lightning strikes? The reason for this prohibition is because lightning contains high voltage and high voltage produce big current. When we make a move, there is huge potential different between our legs. Thus, the current from the earth, resulted form the lightning, flows and able to stun us to death. Therefore, instead of running, it is recommended to sit or crouch and put our legs together. By doing it, we won't get stunned during lightning strikes (insya Allah) because there is no potential between our legs.

Obesity

2006-03-16T22:27:00.000+07:00

Obesity is one of our biggest problem nowadays. Obesity happened when you take in more calories than you burn off or in other words, when you eat more than you actually need. Obesity is caused by other things too like famiy history, race, condition of your emotion, ets. The bad effect of obesity is diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, stroke, etc. Moreover, the obese is at high risk of getting heart problem. In fact, most of the obeses suffer heart disease. It lead us to death of course. Slowly.. Unpainfully.. Think about it for your own life..

Why Drugs are Popular

2006-03-16T21:49:00.000+07:00

These days, there are a lots of teenagers that consume drugs. There are several reasons for that. First, teenagers are like a child that trying to become an adult. That make them want to try everything new, including drugs. The second reason is because teenagers are not mature enough to face a difficult problem such as a broken home. It make them trying to escape. And drugs is one of the choice. And the last reason is the lack of information about drugs. Teenagers don't understand that drugs is dangerous. That's why, stay away from drugs!

Katrina Hurricane

2006-03-16T21:07:00.000+07:00

Katrina hurricane is one of the strongest Atlantic hurricane ever recorded. The storm took place along the coastlines of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. It is recorded that Katrina's highest winds is 175 mph. As the result, the storm has killed 1422 people. And also, Katrina is estimated to be responsible for $75 billion in damages which makes it the costliest hurricane in United States history.

2006-03-16T20:43:00.001+07:00

Last December 2004, a huge tidal disastrous wave called tsunami has caused many troubles in many countries all around the world, especially in Indonesia. Huge waves destroyed almost everything at the coast nearby. In Indonesia, Aceh was one of the area who suffered the worst damages. They set lots of houses had buildings flat to ground. Those waves also washed many plants and trees away. Huge waves sank boats and ships to the deepest part of the ocean. The worst effect caused by tsunami was that most of the citizens living on the beach were sent to death. Many people lost their beloved ones. Not only that, They also lost their vehicles, their houses, and their jobs because their workplaces were destroyed.

2006-03-16T20:43:00.000+07:00

EarthQuake...

2006-03-16T19:32:00.000+07:00

There are so many kinds of disasters on earth, one of those are called earthquake. Earthquake are caused by many factors, two most considering factors are volcanic activity and the others are caused by tectonic movement. In general, earthquake has the same effects to people and earth either by volcanic activity or tectonic movement. It destroys buildings, causes damage to the environment on earth, people die and may cause other disasters like tsunami. Earthquake which happens in ocean often causes tsunami to the surrounding islands around the center of earthquake. People can’t stop the earthquake disaster. Therefore, we have to be careful when there’s an earthquake.

ITB Looses Its Best Quality Input

2006-03-16T19:30:00.000+07:00

ITB is nolonger having its best quality input. The tuition fee that getting higher and higher causes ITB looses its best quality students that actually deserve to apply to this best university. Years before show that most of ITB students come from far villages spread over Indonesia. Most of them have economic barrier background. Today their successors are affraid to apply ITB. As a consequence, ITB receives its inputs that mostly graduate from big city senior high school that most of them come from rich families. There is nolonger hard competition between applicants that come from big cities with those from poor far behind villages. As a consequence, if it still happens, it is possible that ITB will be nolonger reputable university.

What Makes Ice Float on Water

2006-03-16T18:35:00.000+07:00

There is a chemical explanation about what makes ice float on water although ice is a solid matter. Ice floats, although generally other solid matter sinking phenomenon is caused by the hollow spaces that hydrogen bonds create. Frozen water still has its hydrogen bonds which become a kind of bridges between ice molecules. These bridges make distance between one particle and another, but the distance is not far enough to change its state to liquid. The hollow spaces made by these bridges reduce ice density and make it lower than the density of its liquid state. As a result, ice floats on the water (according to the Archimedes principal, object with lower density than the density of water will float).

Life that always in danger (cause-effect paragraph

2006-03-16T14:02:00.001+07:00

Although useful in many fields, elecromagnetic also has many bad effects to us. Researchers have found that get too much of electromagnetic radiation result in increasing risk of cancer. Because an acummulation of electromagnetic radiation will have enough energy to broke our DNA. .They also found that electomagnetic wave can make global warming faster. Since it is the same kind that is produced by sun, it also has thermal energy and a "greenhouse" can trap it. The last bad effect that also the most dangerous is the fact that electromagnet can disturb our blood flow.Although iron in our blood is not in the form that a magnet can pull, an amount of electromagnet strangely can pull it. It can cause dizzy,powerless. until comma and death.So becareful, because it is look like that all things around us produced electromagnet.

Tsunami

2006-03-16T14:02:00.000+07:00

In December 2004, there was a crack in the bottom of Indian oceans, near west coast of Sumatra. This crack had created an earthquake and a huge wave of water that we usually call it a tsunami. It spread in all direction and bring a large destruction wherever it goes, mainly to the land near the center of the crack. The tsunami reached the mainland of Sumatra and caused a destructive effect on the mainland, especially in shore areas. The land is like swept away by it. The huge wave kills thousand of people. Mainly people who died because of being drift away by water or rolled by wave. It also destroys hundred of buildings and made it as flat as the ground. It washed away trees, plants, and flooding the local farm. Many cities was totally destroyed by this wave. Many people lost their family and also their property. All of these loss was an effect of tsunami. Ocean wave is also like fire, if small become a friend and if big become an enemy.

The Cause of Rainbow

2006-03-16T13:43:00.002+07:00

For centuries, the cause of rainbow is interesting to talk by scientists or non-scientists. The natural phenomenon, rainbow which has been enjoyed by nearly all people seems simple. In fact, it is quite complicated to analyze. The phenomenon which attracts hearts of many people happens because sunbeam is refracted by water droplets while the water droplets itself exists in air because rain has just fallen or water of earth surface evaporates. We can see many spectrums of colors in rainbow because in fact, white sunbeam is polychromatic color. After refraction, the white polychromatic spectrum becomes several colorful monochromatic spectrums. In short, when there is water droplets, it is possible to see rainbow. Therefore, we usually see rainbow at the time rain stops falling.

The Effects Of Illegal Logging

2006-03-16T13:43:00.000+07:00

Illegal logging has made lot of serious problem in nature.Illegal logging has reduce the green area (forest) in Sumatra, Papua and other islands with rapidly. This causing lot of big trees were gone and consequently many vegetation and wildlife extinct or in danger of extinction. It estimated that more that 100 species of plants and animals extinct every day. Besides support live in forest big trees also hold the water and maintain the stability of soil in hill or mountain. Without big trees, as the result is floods and other disaster which can kill many people happen like in Jember. Local climate also interupted, causing the change of the rain and dry seasons period. This make the period become uncertainty and the increasing of temperature in local area.

The Ozone Depletion (Cause-Effect Paragraph)

2006-03-15T20:37:00.000+07:00

While we are not aware, the amount of ozone in earth's stratosphere keeps decreasing in a slow but steady rate. The depletion of ozone will obviously causes many bad effects to both environment and living creatures. First example, and one of the most fatal effect is the significant rise of ultraviolet light (later called UV) near the Earth's surface. Since ozone mainly acts as a great shield that absorbs UV radiation (and thus decrease the amount of UV reaching the earth surface) as well as heat absorber, the decrease of ozone will make the UV easier to reach the surface. Increasing amount of UV will bring another bad effects to human health. For example, increasing UV level will cause increasing probability of skin cancer. UV increase will also effect crops. Some researches have proved that UV increase may negatively effect many useful bacterias that mutually symbiote with crops. As the result, the bacteria will grow weaker and produce less minerals for plants where they reside. The second effect of ozone depletion is the famous Greenhouse Effect, a case happened when heat from sunlight can freely enter the atmosphere (thanks to the ozone hole) but trapped inside it because the heat is absorbed by carbondioxyde. The Greenhouse Effect may lead to another bad effects, such as melting of glaciers in both North and South Pole, increasing of sea level, and of course, the rise in average temperature on Earth's surface, known as global warming.

OLEH-OLEH (OPINION)

2006-03-14T19:16:00.000+07:00

What is an argument?(opinion)
An argument involves the process of establishing a claim and then proving it with the use of logical reasoning, examples, and research.

Why is organization important in building an argument?
Guides an audience through your reasoning process (some of you have done a very good job)

Offers a clear explanation of each argued point (most of you need real examples in each of your points)

Demonstrates the credibility of the writer (most of your writing did not show the credibility of an ITB student)

Body Paragraphs
Constructing Topic Sentences
Building Main Points
Countering the Opposition
Conclusion

Human as a Cause of Natural Disaster

2006-03-10T15:33:00.000+07:00

Natural disaster always causes great loss to human. In Indonesia flood is the most often happened. It happens everywhere, it happens in natural landscape, small village, by the beach, by the mountains and hills, and even in big cities. The tropical climate could be the main reason of large amount of rainfall in the country. However human is the one who responsible for the disaster. One of an International Insurance Company even have done a research about the increasing number of natural disaster. The result indicate that it is due to the change of global weather and climate. As we know, forest exploitation is the cause of the global warming it self. Moreover the use of many dangerous chemical also cause environment problems. So in other word, human is the cause of the natural disaster.

Would be good if you could be more focus. (reply from Singapore)

Someone who really deserves to be famous

2006-03-10T00:20:00.000+07:00

In my opinion, there is someone who really deserves to be famous. She is Oprah Winfrey. I think there are 2 points that make her worthy to her fame.

First, she could struggle to face her reality and achieve the success. Talking about reality, actually she was born in a poor family. Her father was a soldier and her mother was just a maid. When childhood, she lived in a broken home family and a harsh environment like the Bronx. The most horrible thing that she ever felt is she ever got sexual abuse and molestation from the boys living in her environment. After that, she ran away and was sent to juvenile detention home until her father took care of her. Although she lived in the bad situation like that, she could wake up from "the nightmare". She had a great desire to be a broadcaster. Under her father's strict discipline, she chased her dream and went through the critical condition of her lifetime. Finally, she did it. Now, she become famous, a billionaire. Everyone knows her. Although she is so famous around the world, she is still modest. That is the key to her success.

Her personality traits are the second point that makes her deserve to get her popularity. She is cheerful, generous and kind to everyone. She never look down on someone. She likes to give present to everyone even in everyshow when she is the host. The greatest trait that she has is that she never regret her past and just says "That is the history of my life". She never have a revenge to the people who makes her suffer from abuse and molestation.

I think it is clear enough why she is worthy to her fame. I just hope that we can learn from her and make this world better than ever.

Very organized writing. Thanks (reply from Singapore my regards to everyone)

Friedrich Nietzsche is not worthy of his fame

2006-03-09T23:49:00.000+07:00

There are several reason why Friedrich Nietzsche, philosopher who was born in a village near Leipzig in 1844, is not worthy of his fame. first, he is an ill-mind who praised violence and sadism. In his opinion, concepts such love, compassion, and humility, must be abandoned and replaced with a "master morality" which accepted the warlike and ruthless. In Thus Spake Zarathustra, he wrote, "Of all that is written, I love only what a man has written with his blood. write with blood, and you will experience that blood is spirit."......Next reason, he was claimed as a person with a mental problem. His illness grew steadily worse and at 44, he wastaken to mental hospital. In 1902, P. J. Mobius, his doctor, warned people that they should beware of Nietzche, for his works were the products of an ill-mind. At last, Nietzsche dead because of syphilis in his room at mental hospital, which means he is still crazy until his last breath. And his disease, syphilis, give us a view about his private life which has no less troubled than his phylosophy. In my opinion, a crazy person with a messy life and violent behavior with crazy ideas and violent mindset is an ordinary thing, especially in mental hospital. So, should he become famous person? Well, I prefer Sumanto.....

You have to be careful with your grammar. Your arguments are more spoken language rather than a written one. (report from changi airport with free internet access)

It is not easy to become an adult

2006-03-09T23:25:00.001+07:00

From biologic point of view, a person can be considered as an adult when they can produce a reproduction cell, so they can have a child. But from moral and society point of view, there are so many conditions that a person must be to get a consideration as an adult. An adult have to take care of their self. They have to be able to decide which is bad and which is good, which one is the right thing to do, and which is not. They have full responsibility of their own future. So, an adult have to be able to support they own life. An adult also have to act and behave according to the rules of their society. Not to act and behave according to the rules of the society is often called childish. The last thing that makes a person more mature is if they have a good and mature characteristic. For example, honest, wise, responsible, democratic, etc.

Your English is good. This paragraph could be a good one. You need to give real example of each points you presented. (reply from Singapore... my regards to the class I miss you all)

Should Women be Allowed in Combat Position in Military?

2006-03-09T23:25:00.000+07:00

I am not agreeing with women’s participation in military by signed in combat position, there is a number of reasons. First, most women do not have equal strength and vitality as men do. In military, there is some exercise to do when you are in combat position. Military exercises consist of athletic exercises with some sets of push-ups, sit-ups and also war-simulations that can be a problem for women because it is consuming a lot of energy and it needs strong physical condition.

The second reason is the women’s attitude. In this way, women often use their heart in responding something, so they can easily cry or panic when facing something that suddenly happens, like when there is an ambush attack, women will panic and lost their thoughts that is important to control the situation.

The last reason is women have strong maternal side. It is not important in combat, because there is only one thing that has to be achieved in war, victory. The women’s maternal side is better be used in medical section, so the injured soldier can feel comfortable in his recovery.

So, if women want to participate in military, they can sign in another position like medical team. It is recommended because of women's maternal side is important to take care injured soldiers.

I have not time to look at your grammar, but it seems to me that you are not careful enough.
Sorry quick check before boarding.

cLassic rocks!

2006-03-09T23:24:00.000+07:00

I have some arguments why I prefer classical music to pop music. First, Classical music is good for growing children. This is why i suggest all parents to play classical music for their children even when their children has not born yet. The softness of the music shall stimulate their brain so it will work in maximum way.
Classical music also good for students, because it can increase your concentration. This helps very much when students want to study. They need silenceness, thus, they need music. Of course in classical music, the volume is not that high. Unlike pop music. So they can learn effectively.
For people in depression, Classical music can relax your mind, especially when you are feeling blue. Sometimes, if they want to meditate, they could use Classical music to accompanied them in their meditation.
Most teenagers these days would prefer pop music to classical music, that’s because they thought listening to pop music is cooler than listening to classical music. Some pop music makes teenager act brutally, especially when a pop music concert was held.
I believe, if all people in Indonesia listen classical music more than pop music, will increase the number of criminality, or any other unpleasant act.
That’s because classical music makes us think clearly, and rational.

Good idea, I also love classical Music. So far your writing is o.k.

Prefer Pop Music

2006-03-09T22:36:00.000+07:00

I prefer pop to classical music. When I listen to classical music, I feel relax, but soon its monoton melody makes me bored and sleepy; I never could enjoy the whole music and song. Pop music is better. It has different ways to descript one thing by the various lyrics. This kind of music has many expressions too. Sometimes the music cheers me up and sometimes makes me sad. So I won’t feel bored. Pop music is very attracted to me.

Your argument is not really convincing.(report from Tampa, Florida)